Lab 5

Question 1

What does it mean to be a vascular plant?

Answer 1

• have xylem/phloem
• stomata on leaves: regulate gas exchange
• lignin in cell walls
• less dependent on water, so they can have a larger range

Question 2

To get higher for better sperm dispersal what do ferns do…?

Answer 2

Epiphytes-attaches to grow higher for better sperm dispersal

Question 3

What does a Gymnosperm mean?

What is the dominant generations?

Answer 3

A plant that has seeds

Sporophyte

Question 4

If a gymnosperm has seeds this means it contains…?

Answer 4

embryonic sporophyte and food, which are protected by a seed coat.

Question 5

What does it mean to that the gymnosperm seeds are “‘Naked”?

Answer 5

They are not found inside the structure, they are found on the surface (scale)

Question 6

Gymnosperms are heterosporous meaning…?

megaspores produce _____ ______ inside the ______?

they produce few archegonia w/an egg: true or false

Answer 6

micro and megaspores

female gametophyte inside the ovules

True

Question 7

With gymnosperms how does the sperm get to the egg?

Some have defensive chemicals called..?

Answer 7

via pollen tube

secondary metabolites

Question 8

What does the vascular cambium do in gymnosperms?

Answer 8

produces wood= can grow bigger and taller

Question 9

How many phyla of gymnosperms are there and how many are there?

Answer 9

4: ginkgophyta, gnetophyta, coniferophyta, cyadophyta

Question 10

Characteristics of phylum cycadophyta…?

Answer 10

look like palms, but are not angiosperms

(cone) tropical looking

dioecious

flagellated sperm
-swim down pollen tube to reach egg

Question 11

Phylum Ginkgophyta is considered a living fossil because …?

Answer 11

it has changed very little, and only lone living species, the Ginkgo biloba

Question 12

The defining characteristics are…?

Answer 12

deciduous and dichotomously veined leaves
dioecious
female cones are very stinky
flagellated sperm

Question 13

Phylum Gnetophyta hav vessels which are a type of …? what kind of a trait is this?

define analogous trait…?

define homologous trait…?

Answer 13

xylem found in the angiosperms. analogous trait

similar in form and function, but not derived form a common ancestor

Similar in form and function, and derived from a common ancestor(similar trait from different linages

Question 14

What are the three genera of Gnetophyta?

Answer 14

1. welwitschia
2. ephedra
3. Gnetum

Question 15

Phylum Coniferophyta are the most ______ group of trees.

Which cones are bigger the pollen or the seed?

Answer 15

abundant

Seed cones are larger

Question 16

All pines can be ________ or _______?

Answer 16

monoecious or dioecious

Question 17

What are the two kinds of growth for coniferophyt?

Answer 17

Primary growth: growth in height

Secondary growth: growth in girth

Question 18

What are the three forms of leaves?

what is their economic importance?

Answer 18

1. needle-like
2. scale-like
3. awl-like

paper, lumber, eat pine nuts(seeds_, use rosin for string instruments

Question 19

Ovule isn’t ready for fertilization until 1 year after pollination- seeds take another 6 months in gymnosperms. True or false

Answer 19

True

Question 20

Pterophyta (True Fern) is a seedless vascular plant that has a _________ dominant generations.

True ferns have ______ _______?

The Gametophyte is associated with the sporophyte. True or False

Answer 20

sporophyte

Swimming Sperm

No it is not associated: False