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Biology Lab > Lab 2 > Flashcards

Lab 2 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

A protist is the______ domain.

A

Eukarya

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2
Q

What is the focus of this lab?

A

Animal like, plant like, and fungus like, are what we are focusing on.

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3
Q

Eukaryotes are mostly…which means they are not…

A

Unicellular…animals, plants, or fungi.

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4
Q

The animal like protist is called

A

Protozoans

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5
Q

How many species are in the kingdom Protista?

A

200,000-500,000

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6
Q

What simple Eukaryotes are plant like?

A

algae and diatoms

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7
Q

What simple Eukaryotes are fungi like?

A

Slime molds

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8
Q

Where are Protists mostly found?

A

Moist environments

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9
Q

Lumpers

A

Morphologically similar organisms should be grouped until we find that they are different.

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10
Q

Splitters

A

Organisms should be viewed as unrelated until we find that they are.

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11
Q

Wait is lab 2 about?

A

Kingdom Protista

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12
Q

What clades and sub clades go under Protozoans?

A

Clade Euglenozoa
Sub-clade: Euglenoids
Sub-clade: Kinetoplastids

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13
Q

What characteristics are unique to Sub-clade: Kinetoplastids?

A

Flagella, undulating membrane, unicellular, heterotrophic, asexual and sexual reproduction

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14
Q

What characteristic is unique to Sub-clade: Euglenoids?

A

2 flagella, eyespot (stigma)- just senses light and dark, often photosynthetic

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15
Q

trypanosoma

A

African sleeping sickness, Chagas disease Charles Darwin died from it.

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16
Q

trychonympha

A

produce enzymes which break down wood in termite gut (mutualism)

17
Q

More Protozoans clades and sub clades

A

Clade Alveolata

Sub-clade: Dinoflagellates

18
Q

Sub-clade: Dinoflagellates

A 
Freshwater or marine, with 2 flagella
Reproduce asexually only
Red tide
Produce a neurotoxin which can kill fish/accumulate in shellfish tissue
Can be bioluminescent
19
Q

Red tide

A

population explosion which results in a “slick” of dinoflagellates covering surface of water

20
Q

Protozoans

A

Clade Alveolata
Sub-clade: Apicomplexans
Sub-clade: Ciliates

21
Q

Sub-clade: Apicomplexans

A

Heterotrophic parasites of animals

Plasmodium causes malaria

22
Q

Sub-clade: Ciliates

A

Covered in cilia – filaments used for movemment and feeding
Micronuclei used in sexual reproduction (conjugation)
Macronuclei used in physiological functions
Paramecium – free swimming, oral feeding grove, reproduces sexually
Vorticella – stalked, sessile, cilia draw in water/ food, reproduces either sexually or asexually

23
Q

Protista: Algae & Diatoms

A

Perform approx. ½ of the atmospheric carbon fixation

24
Q

Cellular organization of Protista: Algae & Diatoms

A

Unicellular: single free-living cell, some are motile
Filamentous: chains of cells attached end to end, some are motile, branched/unbranched
Colonial: groups of cells attached to ea.other (flat sheet, or spherical)
Multicellular: 3D, specialization of cell function

25
Q

Green algae (chlorophyta) have been moved to

A

Viridiplantae

26
Q

Protista: Algae and Diatoms clades and sub-clades

A 
Clade Stramenopila (brown algae and diatoms) not plants.
Sub-clade: Phaeophyta (brown algae)
27
Q

Sub-clade: Phaeophyta (brown algae)

A

Large species have blades (leaf-like), bladder, stipe, holdfast (not a true root) Provide habitat for many animals species Ex. Baby sea turtles
Fucus – rockweed, grows in cool marine intertidal zone Male and female

28
Q

Name of Large species have blades (leaf-like), bladder, stipe, holdfast (not a true root) (fig. 6,7)

A

Stramenopila-Not a true root because it doesn’t deliver nutrients to the rest of the plant.

29
Q

Clade Stramenopila: Brown Algae are like us because…

A

Diplontic life cycle – diploid cellular form for most of the life cycle, haploid reproductive cells

30
Q

Conceptacles

A

cavities on blades that hold/protect reproductive structures, Protect them from damage when they are exposed to air.

31
Q

Oogonia

A

eggs

32
Q

Antheridia

A

sperm

33
Q

Diploid and haploid top or bottom

A

diploid=top

haploid=bottom

34
Q

Clade Rhodophyta (red algae)

A

warm marine species, no flagellated cells

35
Q

Protista: Protozoans

A 
Clade Rhizopoda
Clade Foraminifera (“bears little holes”)
36
Q

Clade Foraminifera (“bears little holes”)

A

“Shelled” amoebas: heterotrophic, marine

37
Q

Clade Rhizopoda

A

Amoebas: heterotrophic and single celled(A-morphic constatly changing its shape)
Brain-eating amoeba. Thru nose and enters sprain. Brain becomes inflaamed.

38
Q

Pseudopods

A

(false feet)-allows movement in any direction, track and follow food

39
Q

Protista: Slime molds

A

Clade Myxomycota-

grow around and eat it that’s why its not a fungus and fungus feeds by

Biology Lab (6 decks)

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