Lab 5 Flashcards
What are the four main stages of cellular respiration?
Glycolysis, Acetyl CoA Synthesis, Citric Acid Cycle, Oxidative Phosphorylation
What is the summary equation for cellular respiration
Glucose + O2 -> CO2 + H20 + Energy
What pH indicator is used to measure the buffer between pH<7 to pH>7
bromthymol blue indicator
What colour does bromthymol blue turn in acidic conditons
Yellow
What colour does bromthymol blue turn in basic conditons
Blue
What colour does bromthymol blue turn in neutral conditons
Green
Why are buffers necessary in the human body?
To prevent denature of proteins/enzymes f
What acid is created with CO2?
Carbonic (H2CO3) acid
What metabolic process is used to create energy in anaerobic conditions, and what specific process is used for the creation of alcohol
Fermentation (alcohol fermentation)
What measurements increase when you excerise
The measurements that increase are your heart rate and breathing rate. To provide your muscles with more oxygenated blood, which is from the increased exchange rate due to the higher breathing rate. This increase in oxygen allows for the muscles to try to maintain cellular respiration before switching to fermentation
What measurements stay the same, and why?
O2 saturation, as the body requires a constant intake of O2 no matter if the body is resting or exercising.
What is released in germinating seeds that you do not see in dormant cells
Heat is released from cellular respiration in germinating seeds as they are active, while the dormant cells are not active and thus do not under go cellular respiration to the same degree as cellular respiration.
What is the production of organic compounds by photosynthesis sometimes called?
Primary productivity
What two colours of light are absorbed best by chlorophyll?
Blue and red coloured light
What separates the different mixtures of pigments in a chromatography paper
The polarity of the pigments separates from the mixture. As the more polar pigments tend to stick to the bottom while the non polar (less polar) pigments goes to the top of the paper
What colour is chlorophyll a, and how many polar groups?
A blue-green colour with 5 polar groups
What colour is chlorophyll b, and how many polar groups?
A yellow-green colour with 6 polar groups
What colour is Carotene, and how many polar groups?
An orange-yellow colour with no or 0 polar groups
What colour is xanthophyll, and how many polar groups?
A yellow colour with 2 polar groups
Name the cells in the epidermis (skin) that contain chloroplasts. Guard Cells
What is the function of these cells? Control the openings/closing of the stomata
In what two cell layers does the majority of photosynthesis occur?
Palisade mesophyll and spongy mesophyll
What is the major function of xylem
Transports water and nutrients and minerals
What is the major function of pholem
Transports sugars away from photosynthetic tissue
What is the major function of cuticle
The primary function of the plant cuticle is as a water permeability barrier that prevents evaporation of water from the epidermal surface and also prevents external water and solutes from entering the tissues
What is the major function of the epidermis
The major function of the plant epidermis is to form the cuticle, a functional permeability barrier of the cell wall which prevents excessive water loss and the entry of harmful substances and pathogens into the host. Protects and covers the entire plant body from the environment
What is the major function of palisade mesophyll
Palisade mesophyll cells are specialized for photosynthesis, packed with chloroplasts and close together to maximize light capture/absorption for photosynthesis
What is the major function of spongy mesophyll
Spongy mesophyll to facilitate/allow the gas (CO2) interchange/exchange that are needed for photosynthesis
What is the mesophyll
Mesophyll: the inner tissue (parenchyma) of a leaf, containing many chloroplasts.
What pigment is soluble in alcohol?
Chlorphyll
What pigment is soluble in water?
Anthocyanin
What compounds give a positive reaction with iodine?
Chlorophyll
What compound is stored in photosynthesizing leaves?
Chlorophyll
In which organelle is this compound stored?
Chloroplast
Why does only one leaf react with iodine?
The chloroplast left the plant and got into the ethanol solution, thus, the leaves without chloroplast no longer reacts with iodine.
