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Bio 121 Lab > Lab 5 > Flashcards

Lab 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Two major groups of seed plants

A

Gymnosperms and Angiosperms

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2
Q

Gymnosperm

A

Produce naked seed (Just straight up seeds)

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3
Q

Angiosperm

A

Produce enclosed seeds
Like the one in fruits. Example: Mid apple

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4
Q

What are angiosperms also known as

A

Flowering plants

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5
Q

What kind of plants are seed plants

A

Vascular so they go through an alternation of generation life cycle with sporophyte as a dominant stage

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6
Q

Two crucial reproductive adaptations of seed plants in terrestrial life

A

pollen
seeds

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7
Q

What do pollen and seeds help with in terms of adaptaation in terrestrial enviroments

A

enable them to exploit dry, terrestrial enviroments

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8
Q

pollen

A

A thick walled desication resistant male gametophyte of seed plants

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9
Q

What kind of gametophyte us pollen

A

Male

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10
Q

Function of pollen

A

Pollen acts as a vehicle for the trasnport of male gametes (sperm) to the location of female gametes

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11
Q

One difference between seed and seedless plants

A

Seed plants are freed from dependence on external water for fertilization. So seed plants do not require water from fertilization

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12
Q

Pollination

A

The process of tranferring pollen (which has sperm in it) to the female location with help of wind, insects, or other animals

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13
Q

Pollination and Fertilization

A

Two very different proesses
Pollination occurs before fertilization

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14
Q

What is the term seed referred to as

A

Ripned Ovule

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15
Q

What is an ovule

A

An ovule is a highly reduced structure that contains a female gametophyte enclosed within a sporangium that is surrounded by integuments

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16
Q

What is the sporangium surrounded by in seed plants

A

Integuments (Modified leaves)

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17
Q

Where is the egg produced

A

In the female gametophyte and is the location of fertilization

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18
Q

What is the product of fertilization

A

Diploid zygote which develops into a diploid embryo

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19
Q

At maturity all seeds have

A
  1. A diploid sporophyte embryo
  2. food supply (comes from the ovule)
  3. A protective seed coat
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20
Q

Picea

A

Domain: Eukarya
Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Coniferophyta

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21
Q

Is picea aurotrophic or heterotrophic

A

autotrophic

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22
Q

Is picea uni or multicellular

A

Multicellular

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23
Q

Is picea vascular

A

yes

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24
Q

What is the dominant stage in piceas reproduction

A

Sporophyte dominant generation

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25
Q

Habitat of Picea

A

Boreal forests in SK

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26
Q

Does picea move

A

No

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27
Q

Reproduction of Picea

A

Pollination formed in pollen cones (males) then transfers pollen grains to ovule cones (females) using wind. A diploid zygote will form through fertilization, resulting in embryo protected + nourished all in seed. Winged seeds released from ovule cone and into wind when mature. Seed will germinate and form sporophyte plant only when enviromental conditions favourable

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28
Q

Purpose of tracheid in Picea

A

Vascular cells within xylem cells that transport water throughout. It also has a form bulk of woody portion, with supporting stem (trunk) of tree

29
Q

What are needle like leaves covered by

30
Q

What are needle like leaves and cuticle for

A

Plays a role in adaptation in prevent water loss in a dry terrestrial enviroment.

31
Q

Each sporophyll of picea contains

A

Two elongated yellow sacs called microsporangia

32
Q

Where is pollen produced

A

Microporangia (2) on the sporophyll

33
Q

What is the ovule cone composed of

A

Flattened leaf like structures called ovuliferous scales

34
Q

What consists in the ovuliferous scales

A

2 small whitish ovules

35
Q

What do the ovules produce

A

the 2 ovules
Each one produces a female gametophyte within an enclosed sporangium

36
Q

Friends of Picea

A

Ginko, Juniper

37
Q

Is picea gymnosperm or angiosperm

A

Gymnosperm

37
Q

What are anthophyta

A

Angiosperms

37
Q

4 leaves of flowers

A

sepals, petals, stamens and carpels

38
Q

Sepals

A

Body of the flower. Typically Green. Enclose and protect the other flower parts (Stamens, Petals and carpels)

39
Q

Petals

A

Typically the brightly coloured parts of the flower and serve to attract and guide the movements of insects and other pollinatord

40
Q

Stamens

A

Male organs of the flower

41
Q

Where are stamens Located

A

Arranged just to the inside of the petals

42
Q

What is the stamen composed of

A

Each Stamen is composed of a slender filament with a pollen producing organ called an anther

43
Q

Anther

A

Pollen producing organ at the tip of the stamen

44
Q

What is each anther made of

A

4 microsporangia

45
Q

What do microsporangia produce in flower

A

Pollen grains

46
Q

What are pollen grains

A

Male gametophytes

47
Q

What do pollen grains produce

A

Non motile sperm

48
Q

Carpel

A

Female organ and is located at the centre of the flower

49
Q

Several Carpels fuse together to form

50
Q

3 parts of carpel

A

A tip called a stigma
Thin stalk called the style
Swollen base called the ovary

51
Q

What does the ovary contain

52
Q

Each ovule contains

A

Female gametophyte which produces egg

53
Q

Lilium

A

Domain: Eukarya
Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Anthophyta

54
Q

What does the anther contain

A

4 pollen sacs (microsporangia) where the pollen is produced

55
Q

Oil in Lilium

A

Large pollen is too heavy to be dispersed
The oil allows the pollen to stick to its pollinators

56
Q

Three interns, chambers of ovary

57
Q

Each ovule has

A

A very short wide stalk called a funiculus, which attaches the ovule to a central tissue called the placenta

58
Q

Friends of Lilium

A

Wheat, Sunflower

59
Q

Fruits are the

A

Ripned or mature ovaries of flowers

60
Q

How do gymnosperms and angiosperms reproduce

A

Alternation of generations

61
Q

Male reproduction

A

Pollen sac (Microsporangium) - meiosis - microspore - pollen grain = male gametophyte - produces and transports sperm

62
Q

Female reproduction

A

Megasporangium in ovule - meiosis - megaspore - embryo sac= female gametophyte in ovule - produces egg

63
Q

male microsporangium

A

Pollen sac

64
Q

Male gametophyte

A

Pollen grain

65
Q

Female megasporamgium

66
Q

Female gametophyte

A

embryo sac

Bio 121 Lab (6 decks)

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