Lab 4 Flashcards
How is VO2 max measured
Using indirect calorimetry during a maximal graded exercise test
What does VO2 max represent
The physiological limit of the body to deliver and extract oxygen
What is VO2 max dependent on
The maximal ability of the cardiovascular system to deliver oxygenated blood to working tissues and the maximal ability of the working muscles to extract oxygen and produce ATP aerobically
What does the Fick Equation describe
VO2 as the product of cardiac output and oxygen extraction
How is cardiac output influenced by indurance training
Stroke volume increases with increases in end-diastolic volume (preload) and cardiac contractility, and a decrease in afterload on the ventricles
What factors cause an increase in arteriovenous oxygen difference
Increases in capillary density and mitochondrial density
What is the specificity principle
A VO2 max test should involve specific movements used by an athlete in their event
Why do treadmills typically produce greater VO2 max values
Due to more involvement of upper-body muscle masses
2 out of what 5 criteria must be met for someone to be considered at their VO2 max
1) Plateau in VO2 following an increase in workload
2) RER >/= 1.15
3) HR >/= 208 - 0.7* age
4) Rate of perceived exertion (RPE) >/= 17
5) Blood lactate >/= 8mM
What are the 4 main factors that affect an individual’s maximal oxygen consumption
Genetics, sex (usually lower in females), training status, and age (decreases with age)
What is the ventilatory threshold
The point at which there is a sudden increase in ventilation (marker for lactate threshold)
What are some factors that can influence movement economy
Body mass, terrain, footwear, stride length, etc.
