Lab 2 Flashcards
What is direct calorimetry
Measuring anaerobic and aerobic metabolic rate using heat produced by someone at rest or while exercising
What is indirect calorimetry
Measuring aerobic (oxidative) metabolic rate using oxygen uptake
How is heat production measured
Calorimeter
What is a calorie
The heat required to raise the temperature of 1 g of water 1°C
What is open circuit spirometry
A way of indirect calorimetry where rate of oxygen uptake (VO2) is calculated by subtracting the amount of oxygen expired (VeO2) from the amount of oxygen inhaled (ViO2)
What 5 parameters must be measured to calculate the rate of oxygen consumption
1) The volume of expired air (Ve) aka. pulmonary ventilation [L/min]
2) The fraction of expired oxygen (FeO2)
3) The fraction of expired CO2 (FeCO2)
4) Room temp
5) Barometric pressure (Pb)
What is always the fraction of inspired oxygen
FiO2 = 0.20931
What is always the fraction of inspired CO2
FiCO2 = 0.0003
What is gross mechanical efficiency
The ratio of mechanical power (mechanical work rate) to metabolic rate (rate of energy expenditure required to maintain specific work rate) usually ranging from 0-30%
What is basal metabolic rate (BMR)
Energy used to sustain all cellular, chemical, and mechanical work at rest
What does total daily energy expenditure (TDEE) include
60-70% Basal metabolic rate (BMR), 10% thermic effect of food (TDF), and 30% total daily activity thermeogenesis (TDAT)
What is total daily activity thermeogenesis (TDAT)
Energy cost of exercise activity thermeogenesis (EAT) from playing sports etc. and non-exercise activity thermeogenesis (NEAT) from other physical activity
What does gross efficiency vary with
Work rate, cadence, fiber type, and contraction type
What 7 factors affect BMR
Fat-free mass (proportional to BMR), age, sex, body fatness, genetics, caloric restriction/starvation, and exercise
What is STPD
Standard temp, pressure, dry
What is ATPS
Ambient temp, pressure, saturated
Oxygen consumption does not account for energy expenditure coming from which source
Anaerobic sources
What is the estimation for the caloric equivalent for the combustion of foodstuffs
5kcal per liter of O2
Which variables do not need to be measured during indirect calorimetry
Fractions of inspired CO2 or O2
