Lab 3 Flashcards
What are the features of Cervical (C1-C-7) vertebrae?
small bodies and a small holes in the transverse process to allow room for a vertebral artery and vein
What are the features of Thoracic (T1-T12)?
costal facets, articulating facets directed superior/ inferior, and a inferior sloping spinous process
What are the features of Lumbar (L1-L5)?
non-sloping spinous process, articulating facets going medial/lateral, large vertebral bodies
What are the features of the sacrum (s1-s5)?
Formed by 5 fused vertebrae
What are the features of coccyx (Co1-Co3 or Co5)?
Formed by 3-5 fused vertebrae
What is the vertebral canal?
Canal formed from the stacked vertebral foramina (opening in the vertebrae) where the spinal cord runs through
What is the intervertebral foramen?
the opening between the vertebrae
What is the name of the joint that articulates the occipital bone and the c1 vertebra?
Atlanto-occipital joint
What is the name of the joint that articulates the Atlas (C1), axis (c2) vertebrae?
Atlanto-axial joint
What is the name of the joint that articulates adjacent vertebrae?
Intervertebral joint
What is the name of the joint that articulates the T1-T12 vertebral body and transverse process, costae?
Vertebrocostal joint
What does articualtion of bones mean?
Its where two bones meet
What does head of a bone mean?
That there is prominent rounded diaphysis
What does a facet of a bone mean?
A flat surface
What does a condyle of a bone mean?
A rounded surface
What does a process of a bone mean?
Prominence (or a point that stands out)
What does a spine of a bone mean?
A sharp process
What does a tubercle of a bone mean?
A small rounded process
What does a crest of a bone mean?
A ridge
What does a Fossa of a bone mean?
An enlongated basin
What does a foramen of a bone mean?
A hole through the bone
What does a sinus of a bone mean?
An air filled space in the bone.
How is the vertebral canal identified?
A canal formed from the stacked vertebral foramina a space filled by the spinal cord
What is the name of the joint that articulates the occipital bone and the c1 vertebra?
Atlanto-occipital joint
How is the intervertebral foramen identified?
It is identified for its opening between the vertebrae for its spinal nerves
What is the intervertebral disc?
A rounded disc of cartilage that sits between the vertabrae
Where is the costa or costals located?
They connect the spinal cord to the cartilage that extends from the sternum
What are the 3 parts of a costa?
Head, Tubercle, and Costal groove
How is the head of the costa described?
It is described as articulating with 2 vertebral bodies
How is the tubercle of the costa described?
It is described as articulating with the transverse process of a thoracic vertebra
How is the costal grove of the costa described?
It is described as a depression that runs along the interior surface of each costa
What are the 3 parts of the sternum?
The manubrium, the body, and the xiphoid process
Where is the linea alba located?
It is a band of issue that runs from the xiphoid process to the top of the pelvis
What action(s) does the erector spinae group produce?
Extension of the vertebral column
What action(s) does the rectus abdominis help support?
Flexes the vertebral column
What action(s) does the external oblique produce?
Rotates, flexes, and laterally flexes the vertebral column, it also depresses the costae
What action(s) does the internal oblique produce?
Rotates, flexes, and laterally flexes the vertebral column, it also depresses the costae
What action(s) does the transverse abdominis produce?
compresses the abdominopelvic cavity (ex blowing up a balloon)
What action(s) does the sternocleidomastoid produce?
- Rotates the head at the atlantoaxial joint
-flexes the head at the atlanto-occipital joint - flexes head at the intervertebral joints
- laterally flexes the head had the intervertebral joints
What action(s) does the splenius capitis produce?
-Rotates the head at the atlantoaxial joint
-extends head at the atlanto-occipital joint
- flexes head at the intervertebral joint
- laterally flexes head that the intervertebral joints
What action(s) does the external intercostals produce?
- elevates the costae (inhalation)
What action(s) does the internal intercostals produce?
- depresses the costae (exhalation)
