Lab Flashcards
Shoulder joint
Formed with articulation of humerus and scapula
Muscles in the shoulder joint
1) Deltoid muscle
2) Pectoralis major muscle
3) Latissimus dorsi muscle
Shoulder joint movements
Abduction: sideward elevation
Adduction: the opposite of abduction
Flexion: forward elevation of the arm (hands up)
Extension: back to anatomical position
Inward rotation: humerus moves towards your body
Outward rotation: the opposite
Horizontal flexion: from side horizontal position to front horizontal position
Horizontal extension: return to side horizontal position
Shoulder girdle
Scapula and clavicle
Protraction
hunch back
retraction
arch back
elevation
elevate shoulders
depression
Bring shoulders down
upward rotation
raise hands
downward rotation
bring hands back down
Muscles in the shoulder girdle
1) trapezius muscle (upward rotation, elevation, retraction, depression)
2) rhomboid muscle (retraction and downward rotation)
3) Levator scapulae muscle (elevation)
4) Serratus anterior muscle (protraction of scapula, upward rotation of scapula)
Deltoid Muscles has three parts which are…
- Anterior
- Medial
- Posterior
What is the anterior deltoid is responsible for?
Flexion and horizontal flexion
What is the middle portion of the deltoid responsible for?
abduction and horizontal extension
What is the posterior portion of the deltoid responsible for?
horizontal extension assists with extension
Elbow joint
formed by the junction of the humerus with the radius and ulna bones
Elbow joint movements
Flexion: bending the elbow
Extension: the opposite of flexion
Radio-ulnar joint movements
Pronation: palm down
Supination: palm up
Elbow joint muscles
1) Biceps brachii muscle (flexion, assists in supination of the forarm, assists in flexion at the shoulder joint)
2) Brachialis muscle (flexion)
3) Triceps brachii muscle (extension of elbow, assists in extension of the shoulder joint)
Wrist and hand movements
1) flexion: palm towards ulna and radius
2) Extension: hand moving back towards front of the arm
Wrist and hand muscles
Flexor muscles: flexion of the wrist and fingers
Extensor muscles: extension of wrist and fingers
Trunk movements
flexion: bending over, bringing face towards the thigh
extension: return from flexion
Lateral flexion: bending sideways (left or right)
Rotaion: twisting of the trunk on its own axis (like a screw driver)
Circumduction: circular rotation
Trunk muscles
Abdominal muscle group
Erector spinae muscle group
Hip joint movements
Fexion: movement of front of the thigh towards chest
Extension: the return from flexion
Abduction: kick outwards
Adduction: the return from abduction
Inward rotation: knees and toes point to eachother
Outward rotation: toes are pointed away from midline of the body
hip joint muscles
1) iliacus and psoas muscle (flexion in hip joint)
2) gluteus maximus muscle (extension of hip joint and outward rotation)
3) gluteus medius muscle (abduction at the hip joint)
4) adductor Magnus muscle (adduction at hip joint)
Knee joint movement
Flexion: bending the knee
Extension: return to anatomical position
knee joint muscles
1) quadriceps muscle group (extension at the knee)
2) hamstring muscle group (flexion at the knee, extension at the hip joint)
Ankle joint movements
Dorsiflexion: raising your foot toward your chin (flexed foot)
Plantar flexion: pointing your toes downwards
Ankle joint muscles
1) Gastrocnemius Muscle (plantar flexion, assist flexion at knee)
2) Soleus Muscle (plantar flexion)
3) Tibialis anterior muscle (dorsiflexion)
