Lab

Question 1

Shoulder joint

Answer 1

Formed with articulation of humerus and scapula

Question 2

Muscles in the shoulder joint

Answer 2

1) Deltoid muscle
2) Pectoralis major muscle
3) Latissimus dorsi muscle

Question 3

Shoulder joint movements

Answer 3

Abduction: sideward elevation
Adduction: the opposite of abduction
Flexion: forward elevation of the arm (hands up)
Extension: back to anatomical position
Inward rotation: humerus moves towards your body
Outward rotation: the opposite
Horizontal flexion: from side horizontal position to front horizontal position
Horizontal extension: return to side horizontal position

Question 4

Shoulder girdle

Answer 4

Scapula and clavicle

Question 5

Protraction

Answer 5

hunch back

Question 6

retraction

Answer 6

arch back

Question 7

elevation

Answer 7

elevate shoulders

Question 8

depression

Answer 8

Bring shoulders down

Question 9

upward rotation

Answer 9

raise hands

Question 10

downward rotation

Answer 10

bring hands back down

Question 11

Muscles in the shoulder girdle

Answer 11

1) trapezius muscle (upward rotation, elevation, retraction, depression)

2) rhomboid muscle (retraction and downward rotation)

3) Levator scapulae muscle (elevation)

4) Serratus anterior muscle (protraction of scapula, upward rotation of scapula)

Question 12

Deltoid Muscles has three parts which are…

Answer 12

• Anterior
• Medial
• Posterior

Question 13

What is the anterior deltoid is responsible for?

Answer 13

Flexion and horizontal flexion

Question 14

What is the middle portion of the deltoid responsible for?

Answer 14

abduction and horizontal extension

Question 15

What is the posterior portion of the deltoid responsible for?

Answer 15

horizontal extension assists with extension

Question 16

Elbow joint

Answer 16

formed by the junction of the humerus with the radius and ulna bones

Question 17

Elbow joint movements

Answer 17

Flexion: bending the elbow
Extension: the opposite of flexion

Question 18

Radio-ulnar joint movements

Answer 18

Pronation: palm down
Supination: palm up

Question 19

Elbow joint muscles

Answer 19

1) Biceps brachii muscle (flexion, assists in supination of the forarm, assists in flexion at the shoulder joint)

2) Brachialis muscle (flexion)

3) Triceps brachii muscle (extension of elbow, assists in extension of the shoulder joint)

Question 20

Wrist and hand movements

Answer 20

1) flexion: palm towards ulna and radius

2) Extension: hand moving back towards front of the arm

Question 21

Wrist and hand muscles

Answer 21

Flexor muscles: flexion of the wrist and fingers

Extensor muscles: extension of wrist and fingers

Question 22

Trunk movements

Answer 22

flexion: bending over, bringing face towards the thigh
extension: return from flexion
Lateral flexion: bending sideways (left or right)
Rotaion: twisting of the trunk on its own axis (like a screw driver)
Circumduction: circular rotation

Question 23

Trunk muscles

Answer 23

Abdominal muscle group
Erector spinae muscle group

Question 24

Hip joint movements

Answer 24

Fexion: movement of front of the thigh towards chest
Extension: the return from flexion
Abduction: kick outwards
Adduction: the return from abduction
Inward rotation: knees and toes point to eachother
Outward rotation: toes are pointed away from midline of the body

Question 25

hip joint muscles

Answer 25

1) iliacus and psoas muscle (flexion in hip joint)

2) gluteus maximus muscle (extension of hip joint and outward rotation)

3) gluteus medius muscle (abduction at the hip joint)

4) adductor Magnus muscle (adduction at hip joint)

Question 26

Knee joint movement

Answer 26

Flexion: bending the knee
Extension: return to anatomical position

Question 27

knee joint muscles

Answer 27

1) quadriceps muscle group (extension at the knee)
2) hamstring muscle group (flexion at the knee, extension at the hip joint)

Question 28

Ankle joint movements

Answer 28

Dorsiflexion: raising your foot toward your chin (flexed foot)

Plantar flexion: pointing your toes downwards

Question 29

Ankle joint muscles

Answer 29

1) Gastrocnemius Muscle (plantar flexion, assist flexion at knee)
2) Soleus Muscle (plantar flexion)
3) Tibialis anterior muscle (dorsiflexion)