LAB 11 - Ecology

Question 1

What is ecology?

Answer 1

• study of interactions among living organisms

- and between organisms + their environment

Question 2

What are the 2 types of factors in an environment?

Answer 2

1. abiotic

2. biotic

Question 3

What are abiotic factors?

Answer 3

-water, sunlight, oxygen, temperature, soil, climate etc.

Question 4

What are biotic factors?

Answer 4

-other living organisms that share that same habitat

Question 5

What is a population?

Answer 5

• group of individuals of the same species

- occupy given area (habitat)

Question 6

What is biocoenosis?

Answer 6

• biological community
• all the interacting organisms living together (all populations)
• in specific habitat or biotope

Question 7

What is an ecosystem?

Answer 7

community + environment

Question 8

What is a biosphere?

Answer 8

-sum of all the planet’s ecosystems

Question 9

What is an example of a marine ecosystem?

Answer 9

coral reef

Question 10

What is a food chain?

Answer 10

-just one path of energy

Question 11

What is a food web?

Answer 11

-everything is connected

Question 12

What are producers?

Answer 12

autotrophic

Question 13

What are consumers?

Answer 13

heterotrophic

Question 14

How much energy from sunlight does a plant capture?

Answer 14

1%

Question 15

What does the plant do with the energy from the sun?

Answer 15

transform it into ATP

Question 16

How much stored energy does each trophic (feeding) level pass on to the next?

Answer 16

10%

Question 17

What are predators?

Answer 17

animals that feed on herbivores

Question 18

What are herbivores?

Answer 18

animals that feed on plants

Question 19

What are examples of primary producers?

Answer 19

-plants, algae, some bacteriaq

Question 20

What is biomass?

Answer 20

amount of living or organic matter present in an organism

Question 21

What is a pyramid of biomass?

Answer 21

-total mass of the organisms at each trophic level

Question 22

What is a first consumer?

Answer 22

herbivore

Question 23

What is a 2nd consumer?

Answer 23

carnivore or omnivore

Question 24

What is a 3rd consumer?

Answer 24

carnivore or omnivore

Question 25

What are 4 examples of decomposers/saprobes?

Answer 25

1. fungi
2. bacteria
3. earthworms
4. insects

Question 26

What are examples of parasites?

Answer 26

1. fleas
2. tapeworms
3. mistletoe

Question 27

What are bioassays?

Answer 27

test the effect of pollutants on the indicator organisms

Question 28

What is an example of a bioassay?

Answer 28

-Coliform bacteria as indicators of fecal contamination in water

Question 29

What is LC50

Answer 29

• lethal concentration 50

- concentration that ills 50% of the indicator organisms within a specific time of exposure

Question 30

What was tested in lab in relation to pollution?

Answer 30

Daphnia magnia