LAB 11 - Ecology Flashcards

1
Q

What is ecology?

A
  • study of interactions among living organisms

- and between organisms + their environment

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2
Q

What are the 2 types of factors in an environment?

A
  1. abiotic

2. biotic

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3
Q

What are abiotic factors?

A

-water, sunlight, oxygen, temperature, soil, climate etc.

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4
Q

What are biotic factors?

A

-other living organisms that share that same habitat

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5
Q

What is a population?

A
  • group of individuals of the same species

- occupy given area (habitat)

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6
Q

What is biocoenosis?

A
  • biological community
  • all the interacting organisms living together (all populations)
  • in specific habitat or biotope
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7
Q

What is an ecosystem?

A

community + environment

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8
Q

What is a biosphere?

A

-sum of all the planet’s ecosystems

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9
Q

What is an example of a marine ecosystem?

A

coral reef

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10
Q

What is a food chain?

A

-just one path of energy

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11
Q

What is a food web?

A

-everything is connected

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12
Q

What are producers?

A

autotrophic

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13
Q

What are consumers?

A

heterotrophic

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14
Q

How much energy from sunlight does a plant capture?

A

1%

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15
Q

What does the plant do with the energy from the sun?

A

transform it into ATP

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16
Q

How much stored energy does each trophic (feeding) level pass on to the next?

17
Q

What are predators?

A

animals that feed on herbivores

18
Q

What are herbivores?

A

animals that feed on plants

19
Q

What are examples of primary producers?

A

-plants, algae, some bacteriaq

20
Q

What is biomass?

A

amount of living or organic matter present in an organism

21
Q

What is a pyramid of biomass?

A

-total mass of the organisms at each trophic level

22
Q

What is a first consumer?

23
Q

What is a 2nd consumer?

A

carnivore or omnivore

24
Q

What is a 3rd consumer?

A

carnivore or omnivore

25
What are 4 examples of decomposers/saprobes?
1. fungi 2. bacteria 3. earthworms 3. insects
26
What are examples of parasites?
1. fleas 2. tapeworms 3. mistletoe
27
What are bioassays?
test the effect of pollutants on the indicator organisms
28
What is an example of a bioassay?
-Coliform bacteria as indicators of fecal contamination in water
29
What is LC50
- lethal concentration 50 | - concentration that ills 50% of the indicator organisms within a specific time of exposure
30
What was tested in lab in relation to pollution?
Daphnia magnia