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Microbiology > Lab 1 Test > Flashcards

Lab 1 Test Flashcards

1
Q

Outer spikes composed of glycoproteins

( key to unlock the door)

For enveloped

A

Peplomers

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2
Q

Posses stabilizing proteins for envelope

A

Enveloped viruses

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3
Q

allows the virus to survive a lil longer outside of host tissue

A

Matrix or Tegaument proteins

Ex. Giving herpes from shared use of warm towel

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4
Q

Make DNA from RNA template

A

Reverse Transcriptase

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5
Q

Cuts viral multi proteins ( fast viruses )

A

Protease

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6
Q

Connect viral genes to host genome ( incorporation) to make provirus

A

Integrase

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7
Q

Allows viral DNa to become apart of a host cells genome forever

A

Integrase

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8
Q

Proviruis

A
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9
Q

Uses rna temples to contruct new complentary rna

Depends on rna to make new rna

A

RNA dependent rna transcriptase

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10
Q

Digest peptoglican in cell wall

Bacteriophages only

A

Lysozyme

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11
Q

How many enzymes

A

5

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12
Q

Tail fibers responsible for attaching to the correct bacterial host cell

A

Viral construction of bacteriophages

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13
Q

Where is the lysozyme located

A

On the base plate

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14
Q

Virulent virus

A

Lyric cycle , replication

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15
Q

Is the lyric cycle quick or slow

A

Quick ( immediate )

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16
Q

What does the lyric cycle do

A

Take over and doesn’t allow cells to have its normal function

( destroy cells )

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17
Q

Temperate virus
(Delayed)

A

Lysogenic cycle

Ex. AIDS ( takes time to develop symptoms))

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18
Q

What are the parts of the lytic life cycle

A
  1. Attachment
  2. Entry
  3. Bacterial chromosome degraded
  4. Synthesis
  5. Assembly
    6.release
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19
Q

The virus particle sticks to the outside surface of the correct host cell

Virus binds to receptor proteins by ligand proteins

A

Attachment

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20
Q

Genetic material gets inside the host cell

A

Entry

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21
Q

Making all the baby viruses parts , all the parts you need to construct a new baby

A

Synthesis

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22
Q

All the new virus parts are put together

A

Assembly

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23
Q

Once all cells are put together the cell is going to explode or burst and will be released to a new host cell

A

Release

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24
Q

Naked
Animal viral attachment
What’s the ligand

A

Capsomeres

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25
Q

Enveloped
Animal viral attachment
What’s the ligand

26
Q

Genetic material enters through the cytoplasm

What are the phages

Step 2 of lytic cycle

A

Phages Lysozyme and contraction of tail

27
Q

Penetration in naked viruses

A

Endocytosis , followed by uncoating

28
Q

What is uncoating

A

Removal of the layers that are covering the genetic material

29
Q

Second way penetration in naked viruses is

A

Direct entry , like a poor it sits and the genome goes straight in

30
Q

Penetration in enveloped #1 is

A

Endocytosis

31
Q

Penetration in enveloped #2

A

Direct entry

32
Q

Penetration in enveloped virus #3

A

Fusion of envople and cell membrane, requires uncoating

33
Q

Produces viral parts
1. Genome copies
2. Proteins
- Capsomeres
-Peplomers and matrix if envopled
- optional enzymes

A

Synthesis ( for every virus )

34
Q

Antiviral drugs attack

35
Q

In phages only , and goes to base plate of assembled capsid

36
Q

During assembly what type of viruses only , Peplomers go to a membrane ( will become enveloped later )

37
Q

Assembly

If multi proteins made protease cuts proteins apart , fold

A

Fast Viruses

38
Q

Phages for release

A

Host cells explode ( lysozyme released in cell. )

Naked

  1. Host cells take on water to lose , or
  2. Exocytosis
39
Q

Viruses must bud out of a membrane to gain

A

Envelope , Peplomers

40
Q

Capsomeres join in o form capsid

41
Q

Cells release virus particles

42
Q

Phages : Hosr cell explodes
Lysozymes relased in cell

43
Q

What are the stages of lysogenic life cycle

A
  1. Attachment
  2. Penetration
  3. Incorporation ( viral genes joins host cell genome ) ( Integrase )
    4.synthesis ( only difference uses proviral dna in situ, no matter what genome type virus )
    5.assembly
    6 release
    Antiviral drug Integrase inhibitors
44
Q

What are triggers activated from viral genes

A

Age
Trauma
Hormones
Illness
Uv radiation

45
Q

Which stage in the viral life cycle does drug nafamostat block

A

Attachment

46
Q

What causes cancer

A

When genetic changes disappear put normal controls on cell reproduction and behavior

47
Q

Apotheosis

A

Cell suicide

48
Q

Proto oncogene

A

Gene that has potential to cause cancer if misbehaves

49
Q

How many changes are needed to change status of genes

A

2

Gene it self and control gene

50
Q
A

Can some inserted viruses activate proto oncogenes or act as oncogenes

51
Q

Proto oncogenes convert to oncogenes by mutation true or false

52
Q

Genital warts and cervical cancer

A

Human papilloma virus

53
Q

Hep b and c

A

Liver cancer

54
Q

Burkitts lymphoma

A

Human Herpes Virus 4

55
Q

Kaposis Sarcoma

A

Human Herpes Virus 8

56
Q

Prion disease

A

Mad cow disease
Abnormal brains tureen to mush

57
Q

Normal occurring proteins

A

Alpha helix flexible

58
Q

Deformed versions of same proteins

A

Beta sheet flat

59
Q

Disease of sheep

A

Scrapie

Scrap their bodies raw by rubbing against fences

60
Q

1st studied human prion disease

Gradual loss of motor control and death

Skin and muscle eaten by me.

Brain eaten by women nd children

61
Q

50-75 year old disease

Hereditary , seen in England

Linked to eating beef from BSE infected cows

Human version of mad cow disease

A

Creutzfwldt jakob Disease

Microbiology (7 decks)

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