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Anatomy and Physiology 1 > Lab 1 Test > Flashcards

Lab 1 Test Flashcards

1
Q

Reproduction

A

To produce again

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2
Q

Autoregulation

A

Self regulation

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3
Q

Hypothalamus

A

A specialized structure of the endocrine system that produces hormones for homeostatic regulation

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4
Q

Pericardial

A

Located around the heart
Pericardial fluid surrounds the heart

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5
Q

Avascular

A

Without blood flow
Epithelial tissue is avascular

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6
Q

Endocrine

A

A system of specialized structures that produce hormones for homeostatic regulation

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7
Q

Merocrine

A

A strategy of secreting hormones via exocytosis

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8
Q

Apocrine

A

A strategy of secreting hormones in which the apical (top) portion of the cell is destroyed to release the hormones

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9
Q

Holocrine

A

A strategy of secreting hormones in which the entire cell is destroyed to release the hormones

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10
Q

Autocrine

A

The cell that releases the hormone is affected by it

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11
Q

Paracrine

A

Secretion of hormones that affect the neighboring or surrounding cells

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12
Q

Tachycardia

A

Elevated resting heart rate
100 bpm (beats per minute) or MORE

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13
Q

Bradycardia

A

Low resting heart rate
60 bpm (beats per minute) or LESS

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14
Q

Cardiopulmonary

A

The heart and lungs

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15
Q

Adenosine Diphosphate (ADP)
–OR–
Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

A

Biological fuel

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16
Q

Cutaneous

A

Surface

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17
Q

Subcutaneous

A

Below the surface

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18
Q

Cytogenetics

A

The inheritable characteristics of the cell

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19
Q

Oligodendrocyte

A

A specialized nerve cell that produces myelin

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20
Q

Hepatocyte

A

Liver cell

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21
Q

Leukocyte

A

White blood cells of immune cells

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22
Q

Macrophage

A

Immune cells that eat or engulf large quantities

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23
Q

Microphage

A

Immune cells called neutrophils that eat or engulf small amounts

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24
Q

Decomposition

A

To break down to the elemental particles

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25
Metabolism
The sum of the chemical reactions
26
Catabolism
Chemical reactions that break things apart into smaller parts Example: Digestion
27
Anabolism
Chemical reactions that build things up into larger parts Example: Protein structures called muscle
28
Hydrophilic
Water soluble Example: Protein and Carbohydrates
29
Hydrophobic
Insoluble in water Example: Lipids and Fats
30
Amphiphatic
A chemical or molecule that has a hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail used to transport fat
31
Colloid
Not solid or liquid, gel like
32
Hydrostatic
Blood pressure
33
Hypertonic
Hyperosmotic, more particulate matter and less water
34
Hypotonic
Hypoosmotic, less particulate matter and more water
35
Glucose
Usable sugar
36
Glycogen
Stored sugar
37
Glycolysis
Chemical process of converting sugar into ATP
38
Hyperkalemia
Elevated blood potassium
39
Hypokalemia
Low blood potassium
40
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
The blueprint or textbook of life that translates into the making of all structures
41
Glycoproteins
A signaling molecule that is made from protein and carbohydrates Example: Sugar protein molecule
42
Extracellular
Located outside the cell
43
Intracellular
Located inside the cell
44
Interstitial
Located between the cells
45
Epithelial
A classification of tissue that lines or covers Example: Skin (covers artery or vein)
46
Erythrocyte
Red Blood Cell (RBC)
47
Epigastric
Located above the stomach
48
Hemocytology
The study of blood and its components
49
Celluitis
Inflammation of the interstitial space Example: Bacterial infection
50
Hepatitis
Inflammation of the liver
51
Lipolysis
The breakdown of lipids or the conversion of lipids for fuel (Turns into ATP Energy)
52
Microvascular
Small blood networking tubing Example: Capillaries
53
Myocardium
Heart Muscle
54
Pathology
The study of disease
55
Supraglenoid Fossa
Located above the shallow depression of the glenoid
56
Glycocolyx
A coating on the surface of the epithelial cells Example: Covering of the trachea
57
Cytoskeleton
The framework of the cell (Acts as transportation system)
58
Microfilaments
Special proteins that make up the cystoskeleton
59
Microtubules
Special proteins that make up the cytoskeleton
60
Myosin
Specialized muscle protein responsible for contraction
61
Microvilli
Used to increase surface areas on cells which increases absorption
62
Cytosol
Cytoplasm, the fluid portion of the cell
63
Endoplasmic Reticulum
A cellular organelle that is responsible for the protein synthesis fat and carbohydrate modification
64
Autolysis
A process of self cutting on proteins that makes them active
65
Denaturation
To unravel, break apart, or unfolding of proteins
66
Perinuclear
Located around the nucleus
67
Transcription
The process of DNA to RNA
68
Monosaccharide
A single sugar molecule
69
Monoacylglyceride
A single fat molecule
70
Polypeptide
Many or large proteins
71
Cytokinesis
The process of cell movement
72
Endocytosis
The process of moving particulate matter into the cell
73
Exocytosis
The process of moving particulate matter out of the cell
74
Hemolysis
Red Blood Cell (RBC) destruction
75
Endothelium
The inside layer or lining of a structure
76
Exogenous
Manufactured or taken in from outside the body
77
Endogenous
Manufactured from inside the body
78
Kinase
An enzyme that transfers a phosphate
79
Transmembrane
Across the membrane
80
Antiangiogenetic Factor
A chemical that inhibits the growth of new blood cells
81
Osteocyte
Bone cell
82
Subserous Fascia
Connective tissue located under the serous lining
83
Dysplasia
Abnormal growth
84
Pericarditis
Inflammation around the heart
85
Peritonitis
Inflammation of the peritoneum of the stomach
86
Pleuritis
Inflammation of the pleural lining of the lungs
87
Epidermal
Outside covering (Skin)
88
Pseudostratified
A special category of epithelial tissue that is characterized by false layering
89
Osmolality
The quantity of particulate matter dissolved in some standard volume of solution Normal human osmolality is 286 mOsm
90
Isoosmotic
Isotonic, a solution that represents 286 mOsm or physiological norm
91
Hyperosmotic
Hypertonic, a solution with MORE particulate matter and LESS water which is ABOVE 286 mOsm
92
Hypoosmotic
Hypotonic, a solution with LESS particles and MORE water that is LESS than 286 mOsm

Anatomy and Physiology 1 (7 decks)

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