Lab 1 Terms Flashcards
Anatomy
the study of the structures that make up the body and how those structures relate to each other. The Greek translation of the word anatomy means, “to cut up”
Gross Anatomy
the study of body structures that can be seen without a microscope
Microscopic Anatomy
the study of the tiny structures of the body that can only be seen with a microscope
Physiology
the study of how the body functions and carries out the activities of life
Atoms
smallest units of matter; atoms combine to form molecules
Cell
smallest living units in the body; cells contain organelles which are formed from molecules
Tissues
many similar cells grouped together to perform a function or series of related functions. There are four main groups of tissue: epithelial, connective, muscular, and nervous.
Organ
several different types of tissues grouped together to perform a function of a series of related functions. A few examples of organs would be the kidney, liver, brain, and heart.
Organ system
several organs working together to perform a series of related functions. An example of an organ system is the respiratory system or the cardiovascular system.
Organism
a form of life composed of mutually interdependent parts that maintain various vital processes; - a form of life considered as an entity
Anatomical Position
standing forward, feet together, palms forward
Supine
lying face up in anatomical position
Prone
lying face down in anatomical position
Axial
body, head, chest, abdomen, pelvis
Appendicular
limbs extremities, arms and legs
Right
the subject’s right side (not the observer’s right side)
Left
the subject’s left side (not the observer’s left side)
Transverse Plane
(cross section) – divides the body into inferior and superior sections
Sagittal Plane
divides the body into left and right halves
Midsagittal Plane
divides the body into equal left and right halves
Parasagittal Plane
divides the body into unequal left and right halves
Frontal (Coronal) Plane
divides the body into posterior and anterior portions
Superior (cranial)
above, toward the head
Inferior (caudal)
below; toward the feet
Anterior (ventral)
toward the front of the body
Posterior (dorsal)
toward the back of the body
Rostral
situated toward the oral or nasal region
Medial
toward the midline of the body
Lateral
Away from the midline
Proximal
toward (nearer) the trunk of the body; closer to the point of attachment
Distal
away (farther) from the trunk of the body; further away from the point of attachment
Superficial (external)
nearer to the surface of the bonearer to the surface of the body; toward or on the surface of the body
Deep (internal)
away from the surface of the body; farther from the surface of the body
Abdominopelvic Quadrants
Right Upper Quadrant, Left Upper Quadrant, Right Lower Quadrant, Left Lower Quadrant
Cephalic
Head
