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MSK 1 > Lab 1 - posture, STM, UQS > Flashcards

Lab 1 - posture, STM, UQS Flashcards

1
Q

what are the goals of STM in subacute/chronic injuries

A

normalize soft tissue dysfunction
restore proper movement patterns
strength and conditioning

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2
Q

what are the 6 techniques of STM

A

effleurage
petrissage
compression / trigger point (ischemic compression)
friction (cross friction)
tapotement
vibration

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3
Q

what are contraindications to STM (9)

A

fever
vascular conditions/thrombosis (DVT)
»> avoid directly various veins
skin infections / open wounds
infections disease
acute injuries / inflammation
- fx, ms/tendon ruptures / tears / repairs
severe osteoporosis
uncontrolled edema d/t cardiac, kidney, liver issues
active RA or gout
contusion - bleeding in ms (myositis ossificans)

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4
Q

precautions for STM (10)

A

compromised sensation
fx sites
bony prominences
hemophilia / clotting disorders / blood thinners (older adults)
gross edema
cancer
marked varicosity of veins
hairy areas
bursitis / periostitis
unidentified lumps and bumps

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5
Q

what is effleurage

A

succession of firm and light strokes applied to body that follows anatomical outlines of the body

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6
Q

what are the two types of effleurage

A

superficial
deep

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7
Q

what is effleurage superficial stroking

A

uses light touch
direction of movement is centripetal / centrifugal

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8
Q

what is effleurage deep stroking

A

uses firm pressure
direction of movement is centripetal

ex: deep longitudinal stripping

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9
Q

what are 4 ways effleurage are applied

A

stroking w palms of hand (together or one at a time)
stroking w tips of fingers
stroking w ball of thumb
stroking w knuckles

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10
Q

what are 7 specific techniques to applying effleurage

A

open hand
closed hand / paintbrush
heel of hand
fingers
thumb
fist (paint brust)
forearm

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11
Q

what are the therapeutic effects of effleurage (4)

A

inc circulation of blood and lymph
relieves fatigue
improves nutrition to tissues
prepares tight ms for deeper work

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12
Q

what is petrissage

A

skin/ms tissue raised from ordinary position then squeezed, rolled, and compressed w firm pressure - usually in circular motion

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13
Q

what is the physiology behind petrissage

A

GTO stim therefore relaxing it

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14
Q

what are 6 different ways to manipulate the skin in petrissage

A

kneading
pressing
rolling
squeezing
twisting
picking-up

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15
Q

what are the 4 ways petrissage is applied

A

strokes that grasp tissue using palm of hands
strokes that grasp tissues using thumbs
strokes that grasp tissue using fingers
use body weight to inc pressure

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16
Q

what are the therapeutic effects of petrissage (8)

A

milks the milk of waste products
aids in freeing adhesions
assists in contraction of weak muscles
improves nutrition to tissues
stim nerve endings
aid removal of accumulation of fluids
releases ms spasms
relieves intestinal congestion (hastens elimination)

17
Q

what is compression STM

A

rhythmic pumping action w tips of fingers, palm, heel, or fist of hand

ms is compressed against bone to achieve spreading action of ms fibers

18
Q

depending on the goal what are two types of compression that can be applied

A

broad
trigger point

19
Q

what are 4 ways compression is applied

A

used without oil and over clothes
used w PROM/AAROM/AROM/resistance
used as light pressure stroke for warm up work
used as deep pressure stroke to effect deeper tissue

20
Q

what are 4 therapeutic effects of compression

A

inc circulation of blood and lymph
relieves fatigue
improves nutrition to tissues
mechanically spreads ms fibers

21
Q

what is direct pressure STM

A

static pressure hold of specific point on ms, tendon, or ligament w thumb or finger pad or elbow

weight shift to inc and dec pressure so not same pressure the whole time

22
Q

what is the latest research recommending w direct pressure STM

A

doesn’t support prolonged deep pressure secondary to risk of damage to soft tissue

recommends steady constant pressure but alternate b/w deep and superficial pressure

23
Q

what are the 3 therapeutic effects of direct pressure STM

A

inc circulation to that specific area in the body
stim trigger point
relieves ms hypertonia

24
Q

what is friction (cross) STM

A

small, transverse, or circular movements which penetrate into the depth of the tissues
- not by moving fingers on the skin
- by moving tissues under the skin

pressure may vary from light to heavy

25
Q

what are the 4 general ways to apply friction (cross) STM

A

perpendicular / transverse to ligament / tendon - most researched
circular movements using fingers
circular movement using thumb
circular movement using heel of hand

26
Q

what are three specific ways to apply friction (cross) STM

A

finger - circular, transverse, diagonal, vertical
thumb - circular, transverse, diagonal, vertical
two thumbs away from each other

27
Q

what are 5 therapeutic effects of friction (cross) STM

A

aids in limbering up joints, tendons, ms
aids in freeing adhesions
improves collagen alignment / strength
improves nutrition to tissues
breaks up deposits and aids in removal of waste

28
Q

what is tapotement

A

aka percussion

performed by rapidly striking body w hands or fingers

29
Q

when are optimal times to implement tapotement (2)

A

good for prepping for:
- physical activity
- ms stim

also good for chest PT

30
Q

what are 6 ways to apply tapotement

A

slapping w flattened part of hand
cupping w cupped part of hand
hacking w tips of fingers
tapping w ulna border of hand
tapping w tips of fingers
beating w clenched hand over buttocks or large ms mass

31
Q

what are 5 therapeutic effects of tapotement

A

improves tactile sensation
inc blood flow to superficial vessels
prolonged percussion causes vascular dilation
mod and gentle percussion causes contraction of ms fibers
aids in relieving ms atrophy by inc contraction of ms fibers

32
Q

what is vibration

A

fine tremulous movement made by rapidly shaking or trembling your hands or fingers on body causing the parts to vibrate

done in gentle and rhythmical way

can be done mechanically w electric vibrator

33
Q

what are 4 therapeutic effects of vibration

A

aids nerve action
creates soothing effects
stimulates circulation
aids peristaltic movement

MSK 1 (31 decks)

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