Lab 1 Flashcards
What is the (i) functional and (ii) structural classification of the interphalangeal joints?
(i) Uniaxial
(ii) Hinge
One structure on the opposite side than another
Contralateral
______ plane splits the body into superior and inferior (i.e. top and bottom)
Transverse (horizontal)
_______ are immovable joints. Name an example of an immovable joint.
Synarthroses, e.g. sutures of the skull
______ are freely moveable joints. Give two examples of freely moveable joints.
Diarthroses, e.g. hip, humeral-ulnar
______ joints have no joint cavity and bones are held together by fibrous connective tissue.
Fibrous
What is the (i) functional and (ii) structural classification of the sternoclavicular (SC) joint?
(i) non-axial
(ii) plane or gliding
What is prone position?
Lying face down in anatomical position
Which cavity contains the majority of the organs inside the body? What parts is this cavity subdivided into?
Ventral cavity
- Thoracic cavity (i.e. lungs, heart)
- Abdomino Pelvic cavity
- Abdominal (i.e. stomach, intestines, liver, galbladder, pancreas, spleen)
- Pelvic (i.e. bladder and reproductive organs)
The _____ plane splits the body into anterior and posterior (i.e. front & back).
Frontal/coronal
What is occuring in the picture?
1) Abduction
2) Adduction
3) Extension
4) Flexion
Abdominal
Fingers/Toes
Digital/Phalangeal
_____ is a type of synovial joint where the bones involved rotate about two axes.
Biaxial
Flexion at the wrist
What type of bone is found in the epiphysis?
Spongy
Give two examples of synovial joints.
hip and humeral-ulnar
Back of hand/top of food
Dorsum
What is this a model of? What do the labels represent?
An osteon
5) Concentric Lamellae
6) Interstitial Lamellae
7) Lacuna
9) Canaliculi
The ______ cavity contains the CNS and can be further divided into
- cranial (within the skull)
- spinal (within the vertebral column)
dorsal
Flat bone
Refers to a structure of the upper/lower extremities that is father away from the attachment than another.
Distal
T1
Name a muscle that has parallel fasicle organization.
External Oblique
What type of movements are occuring in the picture?
Green - opposition
Blue - reposition
What is occuring in the picture?
Green - Eversion
Blue - Inversion
What is anatomical position?
standing with feet flat and paralell with palms facing forward
What is occuring in the picture?
Green - Extension
Blue - Flexion
_____ is the outermost layer of connective tissue that encircles the whole muscle.
Epimysium
Armpit
axillary
Name a muscle that has unipennate fasicle organization.
Extensor Digitorum Longus
What is the (i) functional and (ii) structural classification of the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb?
(i) Biaxial
(ii) Saddle
One structure being farther away from the midsaggital plane than another
Lateral
_____ are slightly moveable joints. Give an example of a slightly moveable joint.
Amphiarthroses, e.g. pubic symphysis
Anterior of Knee
Patellar
______ have greater width than length, are somewhat cube shaped, and primarily spongy bone tissue.
short bones
Abdomen Region
Abdominal
Anatomical
Heel of Foot
Calcneal
What is occuring in the picture?
Green- Extension
Blue - Flexion
Face Region
Facial
Eye
Orbital
______ is tissue membrane that covers the bone (except for areas that have articular cartilage).
periosteum
One structure being closer to the exterior surfance than another.
Superificial
Label the following below: endoneurium, perineurium, epineurium.
Ankle Region
Tarsal
Calf
Sural
______ is a type of synovial joint where the bones involved rotate about one axis.
Uniaxial
______ joints have no joint vacity and are held by cartilage.
Cartilaginous
Skull
Cranial
What are the labels 5 and 6?
5) Sarcolemma
6) Endomysium
Shoulder Region
Acromial
Give 2 examples of cartilaginous joints.
Pubic Symphysis and Sternocostal
What is the (i) functional and (ii) structural classification of the radio-ulnar joint?
(i) Uniaxial
(ii) Pivot
What are 3 functional classifications of joins?
1) synarthoses
2) amphiarthroses
3) diarthroses
Forehead Region
Frontal
Label the spinal nerves.
C8, T12, L5
Back of Elbow
Olecranal
What is the (i) functional and (ii) structural classification of the hip joint?
(i) Multiaxial/triaxial
(ii) Ball-and-socket
One structure on the same side as another
ipsilateral
Frontal
What is the (i) functional and (ii) structual classification of the acromioclavicular (AC) joint?
(i) non-axial
(ii) plane or gliding
What is supine position?
Laying on your back in anatomical position
What type of bone is displayed in the picture below? What is the main feature of this bone?
Spongy
Trabeculae
What type of bone are vertebrae?
Irregular
Name a muscle that has fusiform fasicle organization.
Biceps brachii
Nose
Nasal
_____ joints have a joint vacity and the bones forming the joint are united by articular capsule and ligaments.
Synovial
What type of movements are occuring in the picture?
Blue - protraction
Green - retraction
Name a muscle that has circular fassicle organization.
Orbicularis oculi
_______ plane splits the body into unequal left and right portions.
Parasaggital
______ is the innermost layer of connective tissue that surrounds individual muscle fibers.
Endomysium
Arm Region
Brachial
What type of bone is the scapula?
Flat
Label the diagram below.
A - Epiphysis
B- Metaphysis
C- Diaphysis
E- Articular Cartilage
What type of bone is a humerus?
Long bone
What is the (i) functional and (ii) structural classification of the glenohumeral (shoulder) joint?
(i) Multiaxial/triaxial
(ii) Ball-and-socket
Articular cartilage
What type of bone is a carpal?
Short bone
What type of bone is a rib?
Flat bone
amphiarthroses
Name a muscle that has multipennate fasicle organization
Deltoid
Chest Region
Thoracic
What type of bone is found in the diaphysis?
Compact
What type of bone is displayed in the picture below?
Compact
What type of boe is the sternum?
Flat
One structure being closer to the midsaggital plane tha another
Medial
_______ have greater length than width, composed of a diaphysis (shaft) and epiphysis at both ends, and are primarily compact bone.
long bones
What is the (i) functional and (ii) structural classification of intercarpal joints?
(i) non-axial
(ii) plane or gliding
What are labels 7 and 9?
7) Shwann Cell
9) Axon hillock
Lacuna
Posterior of Knee
Popliteal
What type of movements are occuring in the picture?
Circumduction
Head Region
cephalic
Cheek
Buccal
What type of bone is a metacarpal?
Long bone
What is occuring in the picture?
Blue - Abduction
Green - Adduction
Back
Dorsal
Breat
Mammary
Mouth
Oral
An _____ is a point of contact betwee bones or cartilage and bone.
articulation/joint
Give an example of a fibrous joint.
Sutures of skull
Thigh Region
Femoral
One structure being behind another
Posterior/Dorsal
Name a muscle that has bipennate fasicle organization.
Recturs Femoris
Refers to a structure of the upper/lower extremeties that is close to the attachment than another.
Proximal
Label the diagram below.
Cell body, nucleus, dendrites, axon, myelin sheath
Foot Region
Pedal
Shaft/Diaphysis
What type of bone are sutures on the skull?
Sutural/wormian
Wrist Region
Carpal
Forearm Region
Antebrachial
_____ bones are shaped like a sesame seed.
sesamoid
One structure located between two other structures
Intermediate
Axon/Axon hillock
_____ is a type of synovial joint where the bones involved rotate about three axes.
Multiaxial/triaxial
_____ is a functional classification of a synovial joint where surfaces slide and there’s no rotation.
Nonaxial
What are the 3 main structural classifications of joints?
1) fibrous
2) cartilaginous
3) synovial
Transverse
Hand Region
Manual
What is the (i) functional and (ii) structural classification of radiocarpal joints?
(i) Biaxial
(ii) Condyloid
Chin
Mental
Name a muscle that has convergent fasicle organization.
Pectoralis Major
Label the parts of the bone below.
Concentric Lamellae, Lacunae, Central (Haversian) Canal, Canaliculi, Osteon, Interstitial Lamellae, Perforating (Volkmann’s) canal, circumfrential lamellae
One structure being in front of another
Anterior/Ventral
Pelvis Region
Pelvic
The _____ plane is any plane that lies diagnoally between the horizontal & vertical.
oblique
Neck Region
Cervical
What is occuring in the picture?
Blue - Supination
Green - Pronation
Uniaxial
______ are thin, flattened, somewhat curved, composed of spongy bone sandwiched between compact bones.
Flat bones
What is fundamental position?
Similar to anatomical position but arms are comfortably at side with palms facing the body
______ bones are very complex in shape.
Irregular
Palm
Palmar
_____ bones are small falt bones that develop within sutures of cranial bones.
sutural/wormian
______ is the connective tissue surrounding groups of 10 to 100 or more individual muscle fibers, separating them into bundles known as fasicles.
Perimysium
circular
Hip Region
Coxal
What types of movement are occuring in the picture?
Blue - elevation
Green - depression
What is the (i) functional and (ii) structural classification of the metacarpophalangeal joints?
(i) Biaxial
(ii) Condyloid
One structure being closer to the center than another
Deep
______ plane splits the body into equal left and right parts.
Midsaggital (median)
What type of bone are the patellae?
Sesamoid
One structure being below or closer to the feet than another.
Inferior (caudal)
Label the parts of the structures below.
Left (vein): tunica externa, tunica media, tunica interna, lumen
Right (artery): tunica externa, tunica media, tunica interna, lumen
Sole of Foot
Plantar
Groin
Inguinal
Proximal
Buttock
Gluteal
What is the (i) functional and (ii) structural classification of the humeral-ulnar (elbow) joint?
(i) Uniaxial
(ii) Hinge
What types of movements are occuring in the picture?
Blue - Abduction
Green - Adduction
Pink - Lateral (external) rotation
Purple - Medial (internal) rotation
One structure being above or close to the head than another.
Superior (cranial)
______ covers the epiphysis where the bone forms a joint with another bone.
Articular cartilage
