L9 Tropical and Sub-tropical Biomes

Question 1

What kind of canopy does a forest have

Answer 1

Closed canopy system

Question 2

What can impact forest composition

Answer 2

Climate, soil and regional variation

Question 3

What are the conditions in a broad-leaved evergreen forest

Answer 3

Continuous rain and high temperature

Question 4

What kind of forests have a dry and wet season with high temperatures

Answer 4

Broad-leaved deciduous

Question 5

What kind of forests are vulnerable to freezing

Answer 5

Broaf-leaved deciduous

Question 6

What kind of forest is in a cold climate and has a short growing season

Answer 6

Needl-leaved evergreen

Question 7

Where are tropical rainforests found

Answer 7

10 degrees to the N and S of the equator
Between the bands of Capricorn and Cancer

Question 8

Roughly how many species are there per 0.1 ha of tropical rainforest

Answer 8

300

Question 9

What are the climatic charateristics of a rainforest

Answer 9

High rainfall and warm temperature

Question 10

What is the biodiversity and functional diversity like in rainforests

Answer 10

Both extremely high with many undiscovered species

Question 11

What are some characteristics of the rainforest climate

Answer 11

Hot and humif
High rainfall
Remains frost free all year

Question 12

What is the soil like in a tropical rainforest

Answer 12

Poor and infertile
Most nutrients obtained from very top layer of decaying leaf litter

Question 13

Which soil has more organic matter: rainforest or temperate forest
Why

Answer 13

Temperate
Warm and humid conditions in rainforest encourage faster decay and recycling of nutrients

Question 14

What are the layers of the rainforest

Answer 14

Emergent layer - tallest trees
Main canopy - eide
Intermediate layer - shade tolerant
Lianas layers - climbers and vines
Shrub layer
Ground layer

Question 15

How do stranglers grow

Answer 15

Downwards and form roots then upwards and wider
Take over tree, host can die

Question 16

What role can stranglers play in an ecosystem

Answer 16

Ecosystem engineers

Question 17

How are roots adapted in rainforests

Answer 17

For anchorage, spread horizontally rather than depth

Question 18

Name a type of tree root found in rainforests

Answer 18

Buttress roots

Question 19

How do carnivorous plants attract food

Answer 19

Trap isnects or attract mammals by advertising water source

Question 20

What is the benefit of being carnivorous

Answer 20

Nitrogen supplementation

Question 21

Why have drip tip leaves

Answer 21

Water contains mathogens and causes mold

Question 22

Why is water needed by ferns

Answer 22

Assist spore dispersal

Question 23

What kind of plants can be epiphytes

Answer 23

Ferns, mosses, figs, bromeliads, orchids

Question 24

What family are bromeliads in

Answer 24

Pineapple

Question 25

Are orchids diverse

Answer 25

Very

Question 26

What adaptations to leaves in the rainforest have

Answer 26

Tips and waxy

Question 27

How can rainforest species lack of frost and drought stratergies make them vulnerable

Answer 27

Edges of habitat are being changed due to disturbance

Question 28

What can dry tropical forests sometimes be confused with

Answer 28

Savanna

Question 29

What are some types of seasonal tropical forests and woodlands

Answer 29

Tropical deciduous Thorn forests Tropical woodland Miombo Savanna woodland

Question 30

Which has a more open canopy: tropical rainforoests or tropical dry forests

Answer 30

Tropical dry forests

Question 31

Where can tropical dry forests be found

Answer 31

India, SE Asia, Central and South America

Question 32

What are the climatic features of a tropical dry forest

Answer 32

Have a we and dry period

Question 33

When do plants grow in a tropical dry forest When do they flower and set seed

Answer 33

Growth during wet season Flower and set seed in dry

Question 34

What has a higher diversity: tropcical dry forest or tropical rainforest

Answer 34

Tropical rainforest

Question 35

What has a higher biodiversity: tropical dry forest or temperate deciduous forests

Answer 35

Tropical dry forest

Question 36

What is the nutrient content of soil in tropical dry forests like

Answer 36

Poor

Question 37

Why are Fabaceae important in tropical dry forests

Answer 37

Fix nitrogen

Question 38

Give an example of a succulent found in tropical dry forests with tree-like structure

Answer 38

Bao bab

Question 39

What are some leaf adaptations in tropical dry forest plants

Answer 39

Compound leaves made up of leaflets Bi-compound, pinnate, bipinnate in trees

Question 40

What are 2 adaptations dry tropical forests have against fire

Answer 40

Fire resistant bark Can sprout easily from root after disturbance

Question 41

What is the photosynthetic method of grasses in dry tropical forests In what environments might this change

Answer 41

C3 grasses Can be C4 in hot arid regions with more open canopies

Question 42

Do dry tropical forests have palm species

Answer 42

Yes, but not in Africa

Question 43

What kind of animals can be found in dry tropical forests

Answer 43

High bird diversity Some primates Some grazers e.g. Giraffes and elephants

Question 44

Why might dry tropical forests be neglected in conservation efforts

Answer 44

Beaten by tropical rainforest or savanna No major animal species that makes them important for ecotourism