L9: SKELETON MUCSLE AND MOVEMENT Flashcards
Whats another name for the rare brittle bone disorder?
osteogenesis imperfecta
What is osteogenesis imperfecta?
-a genetic condition in which the gene for type 1 collagen is broken
-results in the glue of your bones not working
What are some of the challenges faced by a human that are not faced by an Ameoba?
- after reproduction, multicellular organisms must undergo development
- multicellular organisms must have ways of transporting materials to other cells
- cells must communicate and coordinate ac
Are cells in a multicellular organism specialized?
yes cells are specialized to only form a few functions
T/F: Specialized cells can survive as individuals
False, they cannot survive as individuals
4 Basic Cell Types in Animals
- Epithelial cells
- Connective cells
- Muscle cells
- Nerve cells
Epithelial cells ….
form the surface of animals and line their body cavities
Connective cells
produce the matrix that connects and supports other cells
Muscle cells….
contract to give animals the ability to move
Nerve cells…
transmit nerve signals throughout the body
What is the main support system found in animals?
Skeleton
What is an Exoskeletons?
the skeleton is found on the outside of the body
What does a skeleton for the human?
- supports our body and gives it shape
What is the major component of the skeleton?
Bone tissue
What is bone tissue?
connective cells surrounded by a calcium and collagen matrix
What’s the function of calcium minerals?
provides rigidity and strength
Function of Collagen….
- a protein
- provides resistance to tension
Connective cells found in bones are called…
osteocytes
Function of marrow….
-source of blood cells and other important cells
T/F: Bones remodel over time
true
What part of an adult diet is essential for remodelling?
calcium
A high calcium diet allows bones to change in ——- in response to:
- change in thickness
-exercise
-hormones
What is cartilage?
-cells that produce collagen
- supports and supplements bone
What are ligaments?
flexible sheet of tissue
join bone to bone
What part of the human body use hydrostatic skeletons?
-our tongue
Hydrostatic skeletons….
use fluid pressure to become ridgid
What parts of the skeleton allow us to move?
joints allow the animal skeletons to bend
What are joints?
breaks in the skeletal system
If our skeleton had no joints what would happen?
skeletons without joints would severely limit movement
Tendons
connect bone to muscle
Ligaments
connect bone to bone
Cartilage Disk are …
cushions impacts
Synovial sacs:
contains fluid to lubricate joint
