L9: Leg

Question 1

name the muscles of the superficial posterior compartment

Answer 1

gastrocnemius
plantaris
soleus
tendon calcaneus

Question 2

name the muscles of the deep posterior compartment

Answer 2

popliteus
flexor digitorum profundus
flexor hallucis longus
tibialis posterior

Question 3

characteristics of the tibia

Answer 3

• -most common long bone to be fractured
• -poor blood supply
• -Soleal line on posterior surface

Question 4

characteristics of the fibula

Answer 4

• -lat malleolus important in ankle stability

- -site for muscle attachment

Question 5

characteristics of the crural fascia

Answer 5

• -continuous w/ fascia latae

- -forms retinacula in foot

Question 6

superior extensor retinaculum

Answer 6

binds tendons in ant crural compartment

Question 7

which retinaculum in the foot is Y shaped?

Answer 7

inferior extensor retinaculum

Question 8

flexor retinaculum

Answer 8

binds tendons of the deep posterior compartment

Question 9

superior/inferior peroneal retinaculum

Answer 9

binds tendons of lateral crural compartment

Question 10

superficial posterior compartment – cutaneous nerves

Answer 10

1. lat sural cutaneous n
2. med sural c n
3. sural n

Question 11

lateral sural cutaneous nerve is from the ?

Answer 11

common peroneal nerve

Question 12

medial sural cutaneous nerve is from the ?

Answer 12

tibial nerve

Question 13

the sural nerve runs w/ ?

Answer 13

the lesser saphenous vein

Question 14

what is the push off muscle for walking, jumping and running ?

Answer 14

flexor hallucis longus

Question 15

tendon for flexor hallucis longus

Answer 15

in groove on post surface of talus

passes post to medial malleolus

and between 2 sesamoid bones

Question 16

groove on posterior surface of talus is continuous w/ ?

Answer 16

plantar surface of sustentaculum tali

Question 17

tibialis posterior functions

Answer 17

plantar flexion
foot inversion

maintain med longitudinal arch

Question 18

deep posterior compartment - nerve and blood supply

Answer 18

tibialis nerve

post tibial artery

Question 19

tibialis anterior

Answer 19

lateral to crest of tibia

foot dorsiflexion
foot inversion

paralysis results in foot drop

Question 20

extensor digitorum longus - tendons

Answer 20

4 tendons of insertions

each inserts on an extensor expansion similar to hand structures

Question 21

extensor digitorum longus - action

Answer 21

toe ext at MTP

dorsiflexion

Question 22

peroneus tertius

Answer 22

part of ext digitorum longus

sometimes missing

foot dorsiflexion
foot eversion

Question 23

anterior compartment - function

Answer 23

toe extension

ankle dorsiflexion

Question 24

anterior compartment - innervation

Answer 24

deep peroneal n

deep to ext digit longus

accompanies ant tibial art
btwn ext hallucis longus and tibialis ant muscles

Question 25

anterior compartment - innervation level

Answer 25

deep peroneal n

L4-5 to tibialis ant
L5-S1 for remaining muscles

Question 26

anterior compartment - blood supply

Answer 26

ant tibial artery

small terminal branch of popliteal art

begins at inf border of popliteus muscle

becomes dorsalis pedis art at ankle joint

Question 27

lateral compartment - muscles

Answer 27

peroneus longus

peroneus brevis

Question 28

peroneus longus

Answer 28

tendon inserts on 1st metatarsus and cuneiform

helps maintain transverse and longitudinal arches of foot

Question 29

peroneus brevis

Answer 29

deep to longus

inserts on lat tuberosity

functions in plantar flexion
foot eversion

Question 30

lateral compartment - nerve supply

Answer 30

superficial peroneal nerve

deep to peroneus longus

inserts on lat tuberosity

Question 31

lateral compartment - blood supply

Answer 31

there are no major arteries in lateral compartment

muscular branches arise from peroneal artery
–branch of post tibial

Question 32

lateral compartment - spinal cord levels

Answer 32

L5, S1-2