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Anatomy II Exam 2 > L15: Scalp & Meninges > Flashcards

L15: Scalp & Meninges Flashcards

1
Q

list the layers of the scalp

A 
skin
CT
aponeurosis
loose areolar tissue
pericranium

*spells scalp
bone
meninges

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2
Q

list the aponeuroses of the scalp

A

frontalis

occipitalis

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3
Q

list the meninges superficial to deep

A

epidural space
dura mater
subdural space
leptomeninx

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4
Q

list the cutaneous nerve supply areas - CN V

A

trigeminal nerve

ophthalmic, maxillary, mandible branches

forehead/top of head
cheeks
jaw

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5
Q

list the other cutaneous nerve supply to the head

A

great auricular n – ear

lesser occipital n – behind ear

greater occipital n – back of head

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6
Q

vascular supply to the skull is via what arteries ?

A

branches of the external and internal carotid

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7
Q

branches of the external carotid artery

A

occipital
post auricular
superficial temporal

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8
Q

branches of the internal carotid

A

supratrochlear

supraorbital

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9
Q

brain blood supply

A

2 internal carotid art
2 vertebral a

anastomose together to create the circle of willis

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10
Q

circle of willis - structure

A

formed by the 4 arteries suppling the brain

on inf surface of brain

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11
Q

function of the circle of willis

A

interconnect internal carotid and vertebral system

creating alt routes for blood flow in case of blockages

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12
Q

list components of the circle of willis

A

post/mid/ant cerebral arteries
internal carotid art
ant communicating art
post communicating art

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13
Q

which meninge is absent around the brain ?

A

epidural space

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14
Q

what makes up the leptomeninx?

A

arachnoid memb
arachnoid villi
pia mater

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15
Q

list blood vessels - meninges and spaces

A 
ant meningeal arteries
mid meningeal art
emissary veins
diploic veins
cerebral veins
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16
Q

anterior meningeal arteries

A

from ethmoidal arteries and internal carotid

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17
Q

middle meningeal artery

A

from maxillary artery

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18
Q

emissary veins

A

btwn dural venous sinuses and external veins

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19
Q

dura mater - brain/spinal cord

A

lines the inside of the cranial vault
serves as periosteum

forms CT tube that protected from vertebral column by the epidural space

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20
Q

w/in the dura mater

A

large, endothelial lined venous sinuses

receive blood from cerebral drainage and CSF via arachnoid villi

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21
Q

what separates the dura mater from the space below?

A

dura mater
subdural space

layer of dural border cells

22
Q

list the dura mater reflections

A

falx cerebri
tentorium cerebelli
falx cerebelli
diaphragma sellae

23
Q

falx cerebri

A

dura mater reflection

midline fold extending btwn 2 cerebral hemi

24
Q

tentorium cerebelli

A

dura mater reflection

fold located btwn cerebellum and occipital lobes

25
Q

falx cerebelli

A

dura mater reflection

fold btwn 2 cerebellar hemi

26
Q

diaphragma sellae

A

dura mater reflection

fold over hypophyseal fossa

27
Q

list the dural sinuses

A 
sup sagittal 
inf sagittal
straight sinus
confluence of sinuses
transverse 
sigmoid
cavernous
sup petrosal
inf petrosal
sphenoparietal
basilar venous plexus
28
Q

define dural sinuses

A

dural venous sinuses are endothelial lined spaces btwn the periosteal and meningeal layers of the dura

29
Q

superior sagittal sinus

A

on sup margin of falx cerebri

begins at crista galli
ends at occipital protuberance

30
Q

inferior sagittal sinus

A

on inf margin of falx cerebri

ends in straight sinus

31
Q

straight sinus

A

at intersection of falx cerebri and tentorium cerebelli

formed at intersection of inf sagittal sinus w/ great cerebral vein

joins confluence of sinuses

32
Q

confluence of sinuses

A

common confluence of sup sagittal sinus, transverse sinuses and straight sinus

33
Q

transverse sinus

A

begins at confluence

extends along tentorium cerebelli edges

right gets blood from sup sagittal sinus

left/dominant – bld from straight sinus

34
Q

sigmoid sinus

A

continuations of either side of straight sinus, S shaped

ends at jugular foramina

become internal jugular veins

35
Q

cavernous sinus

A

large venous plexus

on each side of sella turcica

36
Q

superior petrosal sinus

A

run on either side

from cavernous to junction of transverse/sigmoid sinuses

37
Q

inferior petrosal sinus

A

run on either side

from cavernous to junction of sigmoid/internal jugular vein

38
Q

list the flow of CSF

A 
choroid plexus
ventricles
thru apertures
into subarachnoid space
thru arachnoid villi
into dural venous sinuses
into int jug veins
39
Q

define the arachnoid

A

intermediate layer
meninx composed of CT

attached to pia mater by arachnoid trabeculae

outer layer faces subdural space made up of arachnoid barrier cells

40
Q

define subarachnoid space

A

spaces between arachnoid and pia mater

filled w/ CSF

41
Q

define arachnoid villi

A

made of arachnoid barrier cells

extend into overlying sinuses

allow CSF to flow from subarachnoid space to sinuses

42
Q

define pia mater

A

innermost layer
thin, delicate CT
lies directly on brain/spinal cord

follows contours of brain

43
Q

the pia mater is continuous w/ ?

A

perivascular CT of cerebral and spinal cord BVs

44
Q

T/F: the pia mater is loosely attached to the structures beneath it

A

false
tightly adheres to them
cannot be removed w/o damaging the tissues

45
Q

define perivascular spaces

A

tunnels covered w/ pia mater

46
Q

the epidural space contains

A

epidural fat

internal venous plexus

47
Q

list layers below pia mater

A

denticulate ligaments
filum terminale
brain/spinal cord

48
Q

filum terminale

A

extension of dural sac from conus medullaris to coccyx

49
Q

arterial supply to the upper part of spinal cord

A

ant spinal artery
sulcal branches
post spinal arteries

50
Q

anterior spinal artery

A

from union of vertebral arteries

51
Q

sulcal branches

A

of ant spinal art

descend into ant median fissure

52
Q

posterior spinal artery

A

branches from vertebral arteries
or
from posteroinferior cerebellar arteries

Anatomy II Exam 2 (8 decks)

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