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Anatomy II Exam 2 > L16: Cranial Openings > Flashcards

L16: Cranial Openings Flashcards

1
Q

describe the auricle

A

the outer ear parts

layer of skin over cartilage

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2
Q

define lobule

A

fibrous fatty tissue w/o cartilage

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3
Q

sensory innervation to the outer ear

A

great auricular n
auriculotemporal n
lesser occipital n

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4
Q

external acoustic meatus

A

from auricle to tympanic memb

2.5 cm, S shaped

lined by skin and ceruminous glands

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5
Q

list components of middle ear

A 
tympanic memb
tympanic cavity
auditory ossicles
stapedius muscle
tensor tympani muscle
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6
Q

what does GSA stand for ?

A

general somatic afferent

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7
Q

tympanic membrane

A

dense fibrous memb
covered by skin
covered by mucosa internally

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8
Q

tympanic cavity

A

air filled cavity w/in petrous portion of temporal bone

round window
oval window

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9
Q

round window

A

enclosed by 2ndary tympanic memb

undergoes compensatory excursion w/ mvt of stapes

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10
Q

oval window

A

closed by footplate of stapes

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11
Q

auditory ossicles

A

malleus – attached to tympanic memb

incus

stapes – attached to oval window/fenestra vestibuili

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12
Q

stapedius muscle

A

inserts on stapes neck

contracts reflexively in response to loud sounds

innervated by CN VII

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13
Q

tensor tympanii muscle

A

inserts on malleus

contracts in reflex to loud sounds

innervated CN V3

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14
Q

CN IX gives off ?

A

tympanic nerve

lateral petrosal nerve

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15
Q

tympanic nerve

A

GSA to mucosa of tympanic cavity, mastoid air cells, auditory tube

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16
Q

lateral petrosal nerve

A

leaves tympanic cavity to floor of middle cranial fossa

descends thru foramen ovale
to infratemporal fossa

ends in otic ganglion

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17
Q

inner ear components

A

bony labyrinth
membranous labyrinth
cochlea
vestibule

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18
Q

bony labyrinth

A

lined w/ periosteum

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19
Q

blood supply to the inner ear

A

labyrinthine artery – from basilar art

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20
Q

basilar artery is formed by ?

A

the fusion of 2 vertebral arteries

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21
Q

the inner ear lies w/in ?

A

petrous part of temporal bone

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22
Q

cochlea

A

snail shell look
3 turns
round window – fenestra cochlea

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23
Q

vestibule

A

contains utricle and saccule

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24
Q

CN VIII is ?

A

the vestibulocochlear/auditory nerve

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25
Q

semicircular canals

A

ant/post/lat
in 3 planes
open into utricle

dilation at one end form ampulla

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26
Q

ampulla

A

dilated end of semicircular canals

has crista ampullaris
to sense rotational acceleration of the head

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27
Q

utricle and saccule

A

w/ macula

sense linear acceleration and pull of gravity on the head

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28
Q

bones of orbit – roof

A

orbital plate of frontal bone

lesser wings of sphenoid

special feature – fossa for lacrimal glands – tears

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29
Q

bones of orbit – floor

A

orbital plate of maxilla
zygomatic
orbital process of palatine

30
Q

orbit floor – special features

A

infraorbital groove/canal for:

  • -infraorbital nerve
  • –infraorbital art
31
Q

infraorbital nerve

A

continuation of cranial nerve V2

32
Q

infraorbital artery

A

branch of external carotid artery

33
Q

bones of orbit – medial wall

A 
lacrimal
frontal
ethmoid
--ethmoid air cells
--sphenoid sinus
--nasal cavity
34
Q

orbit medial wall – special features

A

fossa for lacrimal sac

opening for nasolacrimal canal

35
Q

bones of orbit – lateral wall

A 
zygomatic 
greater wing of sphenoid
frontal bone
--temporalis muscle
--temporal fossa
--mid cranial fossa
36
Q

external features of the eye

A

conjunctive
eyelids
–tarsal plates
–tarsal glands

37
Q

eye – lacrimal apparatus

A

lacrimal papilla n puncta
lacrimal canaliculi n sac
nasolacrimal duct

38
Q

sympathetic supply to the lacrimal apparatus

A

from T1
to sup cervical ganglion
to lacrimal gland

39
Q

parasympathetic supply to lacrimal apparatus

A

from lacrimal nucleus via CNVII

to sphenopalatine ganglion

to lacrimal gland via CN V

40
Q

openings into orbit

A

superior orbital fissure
optic canal
ant/post ethmoidal foramina
inf orbital fissure

41
Q

superior orbital fissure

A

cranial nerves pass thru
3, 4, V1, 6, and
sup ophthalmic vein

42
Q

CN V1

A 
ophthalmic branch
gives rise to:
frontal 
lacrimal
nasocilliary branches
43
Q

optic canal

A

allows CN II to pass - optic n
and
ophthalamic artery

44
Q

anterior and posterior ethmoidal foramina

A

exit for ant and post ethmoidal nerves

45
Q

inferior orbital fissure

A 
cranial n V2 passes
its branches
--infraorbital n
--zygomatic branch
--orbital branches
46
Q

list the extrinsic eye muscles innervated by CN III

A 
inf oblique
sup rectus
med rectus
inf rectus
levator palpebrae superioris
47
Q

list the extrinsic eye muscles not innervated by CN III

A

sup oblique CN IV

lat rectus CN VI

48
Q

inferior oblique muscle

A

abduct
elevate
lat rotate eyeball

49
Q

superior rectus muscle

A

elevate
adduct
med rotate eyeball

50
Q

medial rectus muscle

A

adduct eyeball

51
Q

inferior rectus muscle

A

depress
adduct
lat rotate eyeball

52
Q

superior oblique muscle

A

abduct
depress
med rotate eyeball

53
Q

lateral rectus muscle

A

abduct eyeball

54
Q

levator palpebrae superioris muscle

A

raises upper eyelid

55
Q

parasympathetic innervation of eye

A

to sphincter pupillae muscle

constrict pupil

56
Q

sympathetic innervation of eye

A

to dilator pupillae muscle

57
Q

sensory innervation of orbit is thru the ?

A

optic nerve

ophthalmic nerve = V1

58
Q

ophthalmic nerve

A 
V1
gives off branches
lacrimal n
nasocilliary n
frontal n
59
Q

hard palate of the mouth

A

ant 2/3s of palate

palatine folds of maxillae

palatines

60
Q

soft palate of the mouth

A

post 1/3 of palate

fibromuscular fold

61
Q

teeth

A

maxillary and mandibular

top/bottom teeth

62
Q

vestibule of the mouth

A

between lips/cheeks and gums/teeth

leads to the oral cavity proper

receives parotid duct

63
Q

oral cavity is bound by ?

A

teeth and gums

heard/soft palates

64
Q

oral cavity leads to ?

A

pharynx and uvula

65
Q

sensory innervation of the mouth

A

CN V2

  • -greater/lesser palatine n
  • -nasopalatine n

CN V3

  • -lingual n (floor of mouth)
  • -buccal n
66
Q

motor innervation of parotid glands

A

parasympathetics from

–inf salivatory nucleus via CN IX

67
Q

innervation of maxillary teeth

A

sup alveolar branches of CN V2

68
Q

innervation of mandibular teeth

A

inf alverolar branches of CN V3

69
Q

tongue – general sensory

A

ant 2/3s
–CN V3 via lingual n

post 1/3
–CN IX

70
Q

innervation of tongue – taste

A

ant 2/3s
–CN VII via chorda tympani

post 1/3
–CN IX

71
Q

all intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue are innervated by ?

A

CN XII

Anatomy II Exam 2 (8 decks)

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