L10: Ankle

Question 1

what are the divisions of the foot

Answer 1

hindfoot
midfoot
forefoot

Question 2

hindfoot

Answer 2

talus

calcaneus

Question 3

midfoot

Answer 3

navicular
cuboid
cuneiforms

Question 4

forefoot

Answer 4

metatarsals

phalanges

Question 5

ankle joint - characteristics

Answer 5

Talotibial or talocrural jt
synovial hinge jt
mortise and tenon jt

Question 6

mortise and tenon joint of the ankle

Answer 6

mortise
fibular malleolus
tibial malleolus
distal end of tibia

tenon
head of talus

Question 7

movements of the ankle joint

Answer 7

dorsiflexion
plantarflexion

mostly occurs in sagittal plane

Question 8

axis of ankle joint

Answer 8

toe out stance = norm tibial torsion

Question 9

medial collateral ligament

Answer 9

or deltoid tendon

components:
tibioavicular
tibiocalcaneal
ant tibiotalar
post tibiotalar

Question 10

lateral collateral ligament

Answer 10

weakest of collaterals 
components
ant talofibular
post talofibular
calcaneofibular

Question 11

talocalcaneal joint

Answer 11

also called subtalar jt
stable
uniaxial/triplanar
3 surfaces
tarsal tunnel

Question 12

3 surfaces of talocalcaneal joint

Answer 12

post
–concave facet on talus – to convex facet on calcaneus

ant

• -convex facet on body and neck of talus
• -concave facets on calcaneus

Question 13

tarsal tunnel

Answer 13

nonsynovial

ligament passes thru
talocalcaneal lig

Question 14

movements of talocalcaneal joint

Answer 14

inversion
–adduction, supination, plantarflexion

eversion
–opposite of inversion

Question 15

talocalcaneal joint – ligaments

Answer 15

interosseous talocalcaneal

post and lat talocalcaneal ligs

Question 16

talocalcaneonavicular joint

Answer 16

composite joint:

talocalcaneal jt + talonavicular jt

Question 17

talocalcaneonavicular joint – movements

Answer 17

inversion

eversion

Question 18

talocalcaneonavicular joint – ligament

Answer 18

calcaneonavicular or spring lig

Question 19

what ligament helps to maintain the medial longitudinal arch ?

Answer 19

calcaneonavicular or spring lig

Question 20

what is the traditional link between the hindfoot and forefoot?

Answer 20

transverse tarsal joint

Question 21

mvts of the transverse tarsal joint

Answer 21

adds to inversion/eversion range

compensates forefoot for hindfoot eversion
aka how you can walk on uneven surfaces

Question 22

3 retinacula of the ankle/foot

Answer 22

sup/inf extensor retinacula

flexor retinaculum

peroneal/fibular retinaculum

Question 23

superior/inferior retinaculum

Answer 23

inf is Y shaped

covers:
deep peroneal n
ant tibial art

Question 24

the sup/inf retinaculum binds down tendons of ?

Answer 24

tibialis ant
ext hallucis longus
ext digit longus
peroneus tertius

Question 25

flexor retinaculum

Answer 25

covers tibial nerve and post tibial art

tendons bound:
flexor hallucis longus
flexor digit longus
tibialis post

Question 26

peroneal retinaculum

Answer 26

binds down tendons:
peroneus longus
peroneus brevis

Question 27

associate fascia w/ the 3 retinacula

Answer 27

sup/inf — ant crural fascia

flex – med crural fascia

peroneal – lat

Question 28

list the plantar arches

Answer 28

medial and lateral

Question 29

pathologies of the plantar arches

Answer 29

pes cavus = high arch

pes planus = flat feet

Question 30

primary support for medial longitudinal arch

Answer 30

plantar calcaneonavicular lig

Question 31

primary support for lateral longitudinal arch

Answer 31

long plantar lig

Question 32

supporting ligaments for the plantar arches

Answer 32

plantar aponeurosis
plantar calcaneocuboid
marginal abductors

Question 33

what are the marginal abductors ?

Answer 33

fleshy sides of foot

there to support arches of the foot not for abduction