L9

Question 1

(To extremes of life) Children and old aged people are at high for infections of?

Answer 1

Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) Epidemiology

Question 2

gram-positive diplococci =?

Answer 2

gram-positive in pairs

Question 3

Lancet shaped

Answer 3

S. pneumoniae

Question 4

draughtsman’ appearance

Answer 4

S. pneumoniae

Question 5

S. pneumoniae Differentiated from the ‘viridans’ streptococci by

Answer 5

1. Its sensitivity to optochin
2. Solubility in bile salts.

Question 6

novobiocin diff bet x and x

Answer 6

S. epidermidis = S
S. saprophyticus = R

Question 7

Bacitracin disc sensitivity diff bet x and x

Answer 7

Streptococcus pyogenes = positive
Streptococcus agalactiae = negative

Question 8

optochin disc diff bet x and x

Answer 8

Streptococcus pneumoniae = S
Viridans streptococci = R

Question 9

general resistance of S. Pneumoniae lowered by:

Answer 9

Nephrosis
Hyposplenism(splenectomy)

Question 10

S. Pneumoniae - Associated infections

Answer 10

otitis media
conjunctivitis
meningitis
septic arthritis.
spontaneous bacterial peritonitis

Question 11

patient has sudden onset of fever, chills, and sharp pleural pain and Bloody or rusty colored sputum
Severe complications: meningitis, endocarditis, and septic arthritis

Answer 11

S. Pneumoniae

Question 12

unique test in S. pneumoniae?

Answer 12

Quellung reaction: or “capsule swelling test

Question 13

S. pneumoniae
Culture and isolation:
* Bile solubility test:
* Optochin:

Answer 13

alpha-hemolysis on blood agar.
positive
sensitive

Question 14

S. Pneumoniae - Treatment and prophylaxis

Answer 14

penicillin

vancomycin with ceftriaxone is used for treatment of penicillin-resistant strains

Question 15

Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV)

Answer 15

infants

Question 16

Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV)

Answer 16

elderly

Question 17

Many species of the viridans streptococci are classified

Answer 17

• S. mitis group,
• S. anginosus group,
• S. mutans group,
• S. salivarius group, and
• S. bovis group

Question 18

Diseases caused by Viridans Streptococci:

Answer 18

1. Subacute bacterial endocarditis: amoxicillin preoperatively
2. Dental plaque

Question 19

Gamma Hemolytic Streptococci; Enterococci species
Catalase=
Common cause of=
species=

Answer 19

Catalase-negative
Common cause of nosocomial infection
Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium

Question 20

if i see gram + cocci in urine so it is

Answer 20

1-Enterococci
2-streptococi agalactia
3-staphylococci sapro

Question 21

Hydrolyze esculin (bile-esculin positive)

Answer 21

Enterococci

Question 22

Non soluble to bile.
* Grow well in 6.5% NaCl

Answer 22

Enterococci

Question 23

Enterococci -Treatment

Answer 23

combination of ampicillin & aminoglycoside.
Vancomycin & aminoglycoside in ampicillin-resistant cases

Question 23

gram + cocci arranged in chain bile esculin +

Answer 23

Enterococci

Question 24

Enterococci Antibiotic Resistance

Answer 24

• Intrinsic resistance to cephalosporins

Question 25

if patient of Enterococci has VER we give him

Answer 25

Linezolid and Tedizolid

Question 26

Lanced test only in??

Answer 26

Beta haemolytic

A= pyogen
B= aglactia