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Microbiology > L5 > Flashcards

L5 Flashcards

1
Q

Disturbs host normal flora  secondary opportunistic
infections

A

Candida albicans & clostridia difficile

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2
Q

given to young children is the permanent discoloration of tooth enamel.

A

Tetracyclines

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3
Q

Tetracyclines Should not be given to pregnant mothers because

A

teratogenic

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4
Q

Ototoxicity caused by ?

A

aminoglycosides

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5
Q

Inactivation of the drug by enzymes

A

Penicillins by β- lactamases

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6
Q

Decrease of permeability

A

aminoglycosides)

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7
Q

Alteration of target sites

A

Vancomycin, tetracycline, Streptomycin, Quinolones

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8
Q

Rapid ejection of the drug -efflux

A

tetracycline , macrolides

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9
Q

Alternative metabolic pathway, by-passing the site of action

A

Sulphonamides

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10
Q

Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS)

A

best outcome and least harm

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11
Q

The lowest concentration (highest dilution) of an antimicrobial agent that inhibits or prevents visible growth

A

MIC

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12
Q

Similar to the MIC but the end-point is bacterial killing rather than growth inhibition

A

MBC

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13
Q

what is the adverse reaction of penicillins ?

A

allergic shock

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14
Q

what is the adverse reaction of cephalosporins ?

A

allergic shock

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15
Q

what is the adverse reaction of carbapenems ?

A

allergic shock

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16
Q

what is the adverse reaction of aminoglycosides ?

A

nephrotoxicity & ototoxicity

17
Q

what is the adverse reaction of vancomycin ?

A

nephrotoxicity & ototoxicity

18
Q

what is the adverse reaction of sulphonamides ?

A

folate deficiency

19
Q

what is the adverse reaction of rifampicin ?

A

hepatotoxicity

20
Q

what is the adverse reaction of isoniazid?

A

hepatotoxicity

21
Q

what is the adverse reaction of fucidin?

A

hepatotoxicity

22
Q

what is the adverse reaction of chloramphenicol?

A

aplastic anaemia

Microbiology (10 decks)

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