L89- Physiology of hypertension 3

Question 1

what does the renin angiotensin aldosterone system do?

Answer 1

it important in control of blood volume and therefore blood pressure

Question 2

where does angiotensinogen get released from?

Answer 2

liver

Question 3

whee does renin come from?

Answer 3

kidney

Question 4

what does renin act on and what happens?

Answer 4

angiotensin to form angiotensin I

Question 5

where is angiotensin- converting enzyme (ACE) released from?

Answer 5

lungs

Question 6

how is angiotensin II made?

Answer 6

ACE acts on angiotensin I to form it

Question 7

what does the renin-angiotensin system do?

Answer 7

• drop in blood pressure

- drop in fluid volume

Question 8

how does vasoconstriction occur in the renin-angiotensin system?

Answer 8

angiotensin II acts directly on blood vessels to stimulate vasoconstriction

Question 9

how is aldosterone released?

Answer 9

angiotensin II acts on the adrenal gland to stimulate release of aldosterone

Question 10

where does aldosterone act on?

Answer 10

acts on the kidneys to stimulate reabsorption of salt and water

Question 11

how does angiotensin II cause vasoconstriction?

Answer 11

if angiotensin II acts on AT1 receptor it causes vasoconstriction which would lead to hypertension

Question 12

what does angiotensin II do to calcium concentration?

Answer 12

it acts on AT1 receptors and increases

Question 13

what does increasing water or sodium reabsorption do to blood pressure?

Answer 13

it causes high blood pressure

Question 14

how does angiotensin regulate muscle tension in the artery walls?

Answer 14

it causes the muscle to contract and leads to increasing blood pressure

Question 15

how does atrial natriuretic hormone(ANH) regulate muscle tension in the artery walls?

Answer 15

it causes the muscle to relax and this causes a decrease in blood pressure

Question 16

how does aldosterone regulate salt and water balance?

Answer 16

increases retention of salt this therefore increases blood volume and pressure

Question 17

how does antidiuretic hormone(ADH) regulate salt and water balance?

Answer 17

increases retention of water

Question 18

what is being lost from the descending limp of the loop of Henle?

Answer 18

water is being lost

Question 19

what is being lost from the ascending limb of the loop of Henle?

Answer 19

NaCl

Question 20

how does aldosterone cause K+ secretion and sodium reabsorption and the secondary effect of water following the sodium?

Answer 20

1) aldosterone combines wit a cytoplasmic receptor
2) hormone-receptor complex initiates transcription in the nucleus.
3) new protein channels and pumps are made
4) aldosterone induced proteins modify existing proteins
5) results is the increased Na+ reabsorption and K+ secretion