L8 Renal

Question 1

Glomeruli
Structure
Permeability

Answer 1

network of capillaries between afferent and efferent arteriole
Permeable to water and small molecules
Impermeable to albumin and larger proteins

Question 2

Interstitium formed by

Answer 2

collagen and blood vessels

Question 3

Azotemia
What is it
What is it caused by

Answer 3

Elevation of blood urea nitrogen and creatinin levels due to decreased GFR

Question 4

Uremia

Answer 4

Azotemia w/ time to develop clinical symptoms

Question 5

Acute nephritic syndrome
Results from
Characterized by (4)

Answer 5

Results from glomerular injury
Acute onset of 
Hematuria
proteinuria
azotemia (nitrogen)
hypertension

Question 6

Nephrotic syndrome

Answer 6

Heave proteinuria (3.5 grams per day)

Question 7

Acute renal failure

Answer 7

Acute onset of azotemia with oliguria (little to no urine)

Question 8

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
Population
What is it
Defective gene

Answer 8

Adult
Gradual onset of renal failure.
PDK1 on chromosome 16, encodes polycystin-1

Question 9

Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney
Population
Gene

Answer 9

Children

PKHD1 gene: fibrocystin

Question 10

Most common cause of nephrotic syndrom in children

Answer 10

Minimal change disease

Question 11

Pathology evaluation of kidneys (3)

Answer 11

Light microscopy
Immunofluorescence
Electron microscopy

Question 12

Most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults

Answer 12

Focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis

Question 13

Membranous nephropathy most common in

Answer 13

adults 30-50

Question 14

Nephritic syndrom caused by

Answer 14

Acute postinfectious glomerulonephritis

IgA nephropathy

Question 15

Henoch schonlein purpura

Answer 15

Glomerular disease assocaited with systemic manifestations