L7 Pulmonary Flashcards
Types of pneumonia
Signs
Age
Bronchopneumonia: patchy around small bronchi
-very old, very young
Lobar pneumonia: entire lobe homogenously
-Healthy adults
Progression of pneumonia
Early and late stage
Early stage: Red hepatization: purulent exudate w/RBC
Later stage:: Grey hepatization: exudate w/ fibrin and macrophage
Resolution
Atypical/Viral/interstitial pneumonia caused by
mycoplasma pneumoniae
Atypical/Viral/interstitial pneumonia characteristics
interstitial inflammation (as opposed to air spaces)
Mononuclear cells
congestion
Hyaline membranes (from alveolar damage)
Acute respiratory distress syndrome
Characteristics
Injury to endothelium and alveolar epithelium
Leaky endothelium
30% mortality rate
Pulmonary abscess
predisposing factors
Aspiration
bronchiectasiss
Tuberculosis statistics
% of world
Deaths
1/3 of world infections
Most common infectious cause of death 3mil a year
Classic Pathology of Tb
Caseating granuloma
Ghon lesion
Ghon complex
site of early tb infection
Parenchymal lesion + hilar lymph nodes
Miliary TB
spreads to lymphatics or blood and other organs
Reactivation of TB induces
Typer IV hypersensitivity
Tissue necrosis
Granulomatous inflammation
diseases associated with it
Class for TB
Histoplasmosis (esp. in ohio)
Sarcoidosis
Major types of lung cancer
Squamous cell:25-30% Adenocarcinoma:30-35 Small cell 20-25 Large cell Mesothelioma
Prognosis for lung cancer
16% 5 year survival
45% if localized when found
Pneumoconioses
What is it
Most damaging particles
Particles induce fibrosis (Scarring)
1-5um
negatively charged
