L6 Pulmonary

Question 1

Weight of lungs

Which is heavier

Answer 1

200-250g

Right is heavier

Question 2

Lung blood supply

Answer 2

Pulmonary

Bronchial

Question 3

Types of alveoli

Answer 3

Type I: flat (95%)

Type II:Cuboidal, produce surfactant

Question 4

Dyspnea

Answer 4

shortness of breath

Question 5

Atelectasis

Answer 5

collapse or loss of lung volume

Question 6

Transudate vs exudate

Answer 6

Trans: low protein, increased venous pressure
Exudate: high protein, from vascular damage/permeability

Question 7

Causes of pulmonary edema (3)

Answer 7

Increased intravascular pressure
Hypoproteinemia
Vascular damage

Question 8

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Diseases that cause it (4)

Answer 8

Emphysema
Chronic bronchitis
Bronchiectasis
Asthma

Question 9

Emphysema

Pathogensis: imbalance between

Answer 9

protease and anti-protease enzymes

Question 10

Centriacinar vs panacinar Emphysema
Portion of lobule
Lobes
Associated with

Answer 10

Centri:
-Central portion of lobule
-Upper lobes
-associated with smoking
Pana:
-Entire respiratory lobule
-Lower lobes
-alpha-1-AT deficiency

Question 11

Chronic bronchitis defintion

Answer 11

cough with sputum for at least

3 consecutive months for 2 consecutive years

Question 12

Bronchiectasis

Answer 12

Chronic infection w/ permanent airway dilation

Question 13

Asthma pathology
What happens to certain cells
Immune system cells and chemicals

Answer 13

Mucus gland hypertropy/hyperplasia
Eosinophils
Type 2 helper T cells
IgE on mast cells, release histamin and leukotriense

Question 14

Emphysema

Answer 14

permanent enlargement of distal small air spaces due to destruction of alveolar septal walls

Question 15

Atopic vs nonatopic

Answer 15

Atopic: allergic, extrinsic: Type I hypersensitivity (IgE)
-environmental antigen
-family history
Non-atopic: intrinsic: viruses, air pollutants