L8 Childhood Dysarthria

Question 1

most common cause of childhood dysarthria

Answer 1

cerebral palsy

Question 2

what is dysarthria

Answer 2

Permanent but not unchanging disorder of movement and/or posture and of motor function

Question 3

what is cerebral palsy caused by

Answer 3

non-progressive interference/lesion/abnormality of the developing brain either during pregnancy or after birth

Question 4

co-morbidities of cerebral palsy

Answer 4

isturbances of sensation, cognition communication, perception, behaviour and seizure disorder

Question 5

average age of diagnosis of cerebral palsy

Answer 5

18 months

Question 6

risk factors for cerebral palsy

Answer 6

• Prematurity
• Blood clotting issues in the mother or baby
• Low birth weight
• Placenta issues in pregnancy
• Viral infections

Question 7

indicators for cerebral palsy

Answer 7

• Baby is very floppy
• Inability to hold head up
• Stiff muscles
• Unusual postures
• Delayed milestones

Question 8

three types of classification for cerebral palsy

Answer 8

• severity of motor impairment
• limbs affected
• types of motor disturbance

Question 9

limbs affected

classification

Answer 9

• quadriplegia
• diplegia
• hemiplegia

Question 10

quadriplegia

Answer 10

four limbs and trunk affected

Question 11

diplegia

Answer 11

only legs affected

Question 12

hemiplegia

Answer 12

one side of body affected

Question 13

types of motor disturbances

classification

Answer 13

• spacicity
• dysonia/athetosis
• ataxia
• mixed

Question 14

spacicity

Answer 14

most common type, characterised by stiff and tight muscles

Question 15

dystonia/athetosis

Answer 15

characterised by dyskinetic (involuntary) movements

Question 16

ataxia

Answer 16

incoordinated movements, (affects voluntary movements)

Question 17

effect of cerebral palsy on speech

Answer 17

• May affect speed, range, strength, coordination, and accuracy of movements in the vocal tract leading to motor speech disorder – dysarthria
• Control of all speech systems may be impaired (respiration, phonation, resonance, articulation and prosody)

Question 18

implications for development of efficient oromotor control

Answer 18

• Eating, drinking and swallowing
• Saliva control
• Speech production

Question 19

Oromotor Indices of More Severe Speech Issues

Answer 19

• Persistence of primitive reflexes
• Feeding difficulties
• Saliva control, after 18/12
• Speech production: babbling etc.
• Failure to development dissociation of movements