L7: micro-macro explanations and mediating mechanisms Flashcards
Putnam 2007
- diversity does not produce bad race relations
- inhabitants of diverse communities tend to withdraw from collective life
- distrust neighbours regardsless of skin
- even withdraw from close friends
- volunteer less
- do less charity
- sit in front of tv
Constrict theory: (Gesthuizen)
The more diverse a social context actually is in terms of different ethnic groups, the less people of ones own kind there are around with whom people can socially identify, the more they distrust each other and the less they will socially connect
Constrict inconsistent with:
social identity theory
- the more lacking identifications, the more investments in identification
inconsistent with ethnic conflict theory
- the more immigration , the more perceived threat, the more in-group solidarity
inconsistent with homophily paradigm
- the more lacking homophily, the more investment in homogeneous networks
theoretical mechanism Constrict theory:
ethnic diversity implies intergroup differences (language habits and norms), which creates intergroup social barriers, towards out groups, but more generally even within in-group.
economic inequality, immigration and ethnic diversity lead to
- less social trust
- less informal SC
- less formal SC
Conclusion on Europe:
Economic inequality reduces formal social capital and providing help
Democratic history increases all!
Bonding and briding formal social capital (savekoul 2015)
- 3 types of organization (van der meer 2009)
- Leasure
- Special interest
- Activist organizations
Types of conflict:
- Economic or material
- Cultural about values
- Ideological between religions
- Power and privileges
Allport 4 conditions for contact
- Equal status
- Common goals
- Intergroup cooperation
- Support for contact by authorities
(Not all have to be fufilled)
