from bowling alone to bowling together

Question 1

1. Bonding social capital
2. Bridging social capital

Answer 1

1. ties with similar other
2. ties with others who are different

Question 2

When is socialization stronger?

Answer 2

H3a: more active involvement in association
H3b: more time spent in association
H3c: longer involvement in association

Question 3

Self-selection:

Answer 3

People can choose whether to join an association and which association they join
Ethnically diverse associations <– –> tolerance / positive attitudes towards out group

Question 4

Putnam:

Answer 4

Structural component: Intensity and quantity of ties

Cognitive component: perceptions of support, reciprocity and trust that facilitate resource sharing

Question 5

Bridging (Burt and Putnam)

Answer 5

Network with structural holes and ties (burt)
- Structural component: Spanning structural holes, the strength and number of ties, in our case inter-etnic contacts (granovetter and Putnam).
- Cognitive component: Perception of support, reciprocity and inter-ethnic trust that facilitates resource sharing (Putnam)

Question 6

research finding: likelihood of employment

Answer 6

• Only structural bridging (amount of inter-etnic contacts) has significant effect (inter-ethnic contacts)
• But… structural bonding (relationships in own group) and cognitive bridging (modern views) in right direction!
• Own educational level, language proficiency contribute to likelihood of employment