L7 - How does my social environment influence me? Flashcards
What are the 4 processes that cultural processes can influence?
- Intergroup processes
- Group Processes
- Interpersonal Processes
- Individual/Intrapersonal Processes
What re the different kinds of joint activities?
- Referential Behaviour
Referring to objects other than themselves.
Eg. Attitudes.
Eg. Necessary for goal directed activities - Non Referential Behaviour
Not referring to objects other than themselves.
What are some social influences from joint activities?
Referential - Joint gaze, conversation
Non Ref - Facial Expression, non verbal behaviour and posture.
What is Facial Mimicry?
Evidence of social influences.
Neonates and adults have been found to mimic the expressions of stimuli shown. Can be seen in really subtle expressions such as brow lowering and lip pulling.
Cascading impact - 3rd person can pick up 2nd person who mimicked the original person’s expression
Activates the inferior frontal gyrus.
How can facial expressions influence affective states?
Evidence of INTRAPERSONAL CONSEQUENCE of expression.
Facial Feedback Hypothesis:
Facial expression gives feedback to emotional experience.
Found that people rated cartoons funnier when holding pen b/w lips.
What is an example of the long-term consequence of facial expression and mimicry?
When shown a picture of a person when they were young and old, and were also presented with pictures of people of the opposite sex, age-matched for both old and young pictures.
People were asked to rank the pictures in similarity.
Among pics was the target’s actual married partner.
Similarity (facial expression) increased from young to old… and increased prolonged marriage!!
What is non-verbal mimicry and what are it’s effects?
- Participants in studies have been found to mimic behaviour such as foot shaking. iT INCREASES LIKEABILITY, and leads to thinking the interaction went well.
- Synchrony is different to mimicry, but people in social interaction tend to move their bodies in synch, and it increases rapport.
How does spending time with others influence us?
- positive correlation with life quality
- influences affect, neutral when alone, positive when with friends, negative when with boss.
- mortality rates
Describe the spread of happiness.
Evidence of the effect of social networks and influencing a chain of people.
Probability of ego being happy if someone connected by 1-3 degrees of seperation is greater than 0.
if you friend’s friend friend is happy, then you tend to be happy too!!!!
Also need to consider HOMOPHILY - the tendency for people to bond w/ people who are similar.
How is mortality rates influenced by social integration?
Greater social integration is associated with lower mortality.
The fewer social ties people reported, the more likely they were to die over the next 9 year period.
What are some examples of how non referential behaviour can influence you?
- non verbal mimicry/behaviour
- Spread of happiness
- Facial expression mimicry
What is joint gaze?
When one person follows another person’s gaze. It can automatically shift attention.
Found that when cues were shown gazing AWAY from the target, responses were SLOWER.
bc its hard for people to not follow the gaze.
What is identified as a successful conversation?
When the convo partner doesn’t have an idea at the start, but they share it with you at the end.
to share the ideas, you need to have some shared ideas to begin with (COMMON GROUND).
conversations increase similarity b/w people.
What is the grounding model?
States that in order to converse about something, must have some COMMON GROUND.
Common ground - set of shared conceptions in conversation
GROUNDING - is adding new mutual understanding to the common ground - conversants take turns to coordinate their utterances to ground a mutual understanding
What is grounding?
Adding new mutual understanding to common ground, by one conversant presenting an idea and the other conversant accepting it.
