L7: Diet Through Life 🥗 Flashcards
BMR
Basal metabolic rate
PAL
Physical activity level
What is BMR
The number of kilocalories you need to stay alive for 24 hours
Energy changes
Through life
What do energy requirements depend on? (4)
Age
Gender
Body size
PAL
Key stages in life: (6)
Infancy
Childhood
Adolescence
Adulthood
(Pregnancy)
Older adults (65+)
Weaning (3)
Foods must be semi fluid and soft since the baby has no teeth and cannot chew
They need more energy and nutrients as milk no longer fufills babies needs
At around 6 months of age
Childhood (2)
Need a lot of energy because they grow quickly and become more active
2 groups: preschool and children
Preschool (5)
Ages 1-4
Rapid body growth and development
Small regular meals until full
Use a lot of energy
Trying new foods is important
Why is dental hygiene important?
To prepare for later life
Children (5)
5-12
Body growth becomes growth spurts
Should be physically active most of the time to avoid weight gain and obesity
Encourage eat well guide and balanced diet
Eat regular meals
Adolescence (5)
Rapid growth
Puberty
Boys —> more protein for muscle as well as calcium due to their size
Girls —> more iron and vitamin C
Girls have menstrual cycle and after it they need more iron rich food to replace blood loss. Vitamin C helps absorb iron from non meat sources
Adulthood (3)
19-65
Diet doesn’t change much apart form pregnancy and lactation
Balanced diet is still important as they are at risk of diabetes type 2, cancer, obesity, and CHD
Older adults (elderly) (3)
Gradual decrease in energy requirements as activity level falls
Bones become weaker and digestive system workers slower so good amounts of fibre and fluids help protect against disease and constipation
Hydration is important to avoid health problems
How much iron is recommended for teenage girls and women each day?
14.8mg
