L4: Functional & Chemical Properties Of Protein 🍳 Flashcards
What are amino acids?
The building blocks of protein
What are the building blocks of protein?
Amino acids
How do amino acids work?
They join together to create different proteins
More complex chains begin to fold and create extra bonds.
What is the process? (4)
Primary structure (Amino acid residues) —> Secondary structure ( A helix) —> Tertiary Structure (Polypeptide Chain) —> Quaternary Structure ( Assembled SubUnits)
What is denaturation? (3)
The bonds can be broken between proteins
Folded protein —> unfolded protein
What can the bonds be broken down with? (3)
- Heat
- Acids
- Mechanical agitation
Examples of denaturation: (3)
- Frying/boiling an egg
- Marinating
- Whisking egg whites
Is denaturation temporary or permanent?
Temporary
Why is denaturation temporary?
If left, the proteins will revert back their original state
How can you make denaturation permanent?
COOK IT !!
What is coagulation?
The setting of protein
When does coagulation occur?
When the protein is heated
Heated protein foods will coagulate in different ways: (5)
> Meat proteins will shrink
Egg white becomes solid and turns white as it coagulates at 60C
Egg yolk becomes solid and will eventually turn dry as it coagulates at 70C
Gluten will set and give cakes, breads and biscuits their firm structure
Milk proteins will coagulate and form skin on heated milk, just below boiling point(s)
What is syneresis ?
Results from the over-coagulation of egg protein
What happens in syneresis ?
Water is pushed out of the egg
