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Neurology in Health & Disease > L6: Trigeminal Nerve > Flashcards

L6: Trigeminal Nerve Flashcards

1
Q

Sensory Innervations of the Trigeminal Nerve?

A

○ Facial Skin/Scalp (to top of head)
○ Tragus of the ear
○ Anterior wall of external auditoary canal
○ Cornea
○ Sensation from Mouth including:

  • Anterior 2/3 of Tongue (Not Taste)
  • Teeth
  • Nasal/paranasal sinuses
  • Meninges
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2
Q

Motor Innervations of the Trigeminal Nerve?

A

MANDIBULAR BRANCH => derivatives of 1st pharyngeal arch:

○ Muscles of Mastication:

  • Temporalis
  • Masseter
  • Medial/Lateral Pterygoid muscles

○ Anterior Belly of Digastric
○ Mylohyoid
○ Tensor Veli Platini
○ Tensor Tympani

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3
Q

Trigeminal Nerve relationship with Cranial Parasymptahtic Outlfow

A

Postganglionic parasympathetic fibers are found in branches of the trigeminal nerve, but these join the nerve later, and the trigeminal is not part of the parasympathetic cranial outflow

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4
Q

Largest cranial nerve (by diameter)?

A

Trigeminal Nerve

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5
Q

Nuceli and Branches of the trigeminal Nerve

A
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6
Q

Trigeminal Nerve CENTRAL to PERIPHERAL Transition?

A
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7
Q

MS affects _______________ part of the Trigeminal Nerve

A

MS affects Proximal (central) part of Trigeminal Nerve (OLIGODENDROCYTES impacted not Swan Cells)

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8
Q

Trigeminal Ganglion lies LATERAL to ____________. It fits into a depression in __________ known as ____________ (CSF Filled Dural Pouch). Afterwards, the ganglion nerve divides into ________ main branches.

A

Trigeminal Ganglion lies LATERAL to Cavernous Sinus. It fits into a depression in Temporal Bone known as Merkel’s Cave (CSF Filled Dural Pouch). Afterwards, the ganglion nerve divides into THREE main branches.

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9
Q

Branches of the Trigeminal Nerve

A
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10
Q

Trigeminal Nerve CN V1 (Ophthalmic Division)

A
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11
Q

What does the Ophthalmic Division (CN V1) of the Trigeminal Nerve Innervate? (5)

A
  • Forehead/Scalp
  • Nose
  • Frontal and Ethmoid Sinuses
  • Upper Eye Lid
  • Cornea
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12
Q

What can be learned from the Cornel Reflex Test?

A

Touch Cornea:

  • No reaction on either side: Lesion on sensory side (Trigeminal Nerve)
  • Reaction on 1 side not the other: Lesion on Motor Side (Facial Nerve)
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13
Q

Trigeminal Nerve CN V2 (Maxillary Division)

A
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14
Q

What does the Maxillary Division (CN V2) of the Trigeminal Nerve Innervate? (6) Parasympathetic Carry?

A

Innervates:

  • Lower Eye Lid
  • Cheeks
  • Maxillary Sinuses
  • Nasal Cavity
  • Upper Teeth and Lip
  • Superior Palate

Parasympathetic Fibers to:

  • Lacrimal Glands
  • Nasal Glands
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15
Q

Trigeminal Nerve CN V3 (Mandibular Division)

A
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16
Q

What does the Mandibular Division (CN V2) of the Trigeminal Nerve Innervate? (6)

Parasympathetic Carry?

A

Innervates:

  • Anterior 2/3 of Tongue (not Taste)
  • Lower Lip and Chin
  • Lower Teeth
  • Floor of oral cavity

Motor Supply:

  • Muscles of Mastication (Temporalis, Masseter, Medial/Lateral Pterygoid)
  • Anterior Belly of Digastric
  • Mylohyoid
  • Tensor Veli Platini
  • Tensor Tympani

Parasympathetic Fibers to:

  • Submandibular Glands
  • Sublingual Glands
  • Parotid Glands
17
Q

Only branch of the Trigeminal nerve to carry MOTOR Fibers?

A

Mandibular Branch

18
Q

Which sensory nucleus of the Trigeminal Nerve receives discriminative, fine touch, and conscious proprioception?

A

Primary Sensory Nucleus

19
Q

Which sensory nucleus of the Trigeminal Nerve receives pain/temperature sensations?

A

Spinal Nucleus

20
Q

Which sensory nucleus of the Trigeminal Nerve contains sensory neuron cell bodies associated with Proprioception and plays a role in the JAW JERK REFLEX?

A

Mesencephalic Nucleus

21
Q
A
22
Q

Information carried by ____________ Trigeminal (Ipsilateral) arises from the oral cavity. Rest of face is BILATERAL

A
23
Q

What is Trigeminal Neuralgia?

Causes?

Treatment?

A

Trigeminal Neuralgia is a chronic pain condition characterized by sharp, usually unilateral, in one or more trigeminal territories

Cause is not always clear, but mostly involves mechanical compression of the nerve by vascular supply: Nociceptive (pain) neurons become damaged and are firing inappropriately. Pulsatile action of the artery => structural changes in nerve (loss of Myelin) => changes in ion channels making => aberrant firing => hyperactivity in sensory nucleus. Aso commonly associated with MS

Treated pharmacologically (anticonvulsants) or surgically (decompression, rhizotomy or adding in a Teflon pass that forms a barrier preventing compression of the nerve

Neurology in Health & Disease (18 decks)

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