L5 - GI System I Flashcards
Feb 8, 2019
What are the four structures of the ventral mesentery?
lesser omentum, falciform ligament, coronary ligament, and triangular ligament
Which paracolic gutter is easier for contents to pass between? Why?
The right gutter has better flow because the left is partially obstructed by the phrenocolic ligament
What separates the greater and lesser sacs?
Epiploic foramen of Winslow
What is another name for the hepatorenal recess? What is its significance?
Morrison’s pouch. It is the most dependent part of the abdominal cavity when in the supine position
Perforation of an ulcer in the stomach will cause blood loss to where?
Lesser sac
What are the subperitoneal organs?
Rectum, bladder, uterus
What are the four boundaries of the omental foramen?
1) hepatoduodenal ligament
2) duodenal bulb
3) IVC
4) caudate lobe of liver
What are the major retroperitoneal organs?
kidneys, ureters, aorta, IVC, and sympathetic trunks
What is an effusion of the peritoneal cavity?
Ascites
What lines the intraperitoneal membranes?
Complete covering of visceral peritoneum
What is special about the greater omentum?
it contains four layers of peritoneum
What is the definition of secondarily retroperitoneal organs?
Organs that are covered on one side by peritoneum
How are the supracolic and infracolic compartments connected?
paracolic gutters
What is it called when you ligate the hepatoduodenal ligament?
Pringle maneuver
What three organs does the supracolic compartment contain?
stomach
liver
spleen
The hepatoduodenal ligament contains what?
1) portal vein
2) proper hepatic artery
3) common bile duct
What are the major secondarily retroperitoneal organs?
pancreas, parts 2, 3, and 4 of the dudodenum, ascending and descending colon, and rectum
What other characteristic is unique to intraperitoneal organs other than being completely covered by peritoneum?
They have a mesentery
From which embryonic layer does the parietal peritoneum come from? The visceral peritoneum?
Parietal - somatopleure
Visceral - splanchnopleure
Is the peritoneal cavity open? If so, where?
Yes, but in females only through the uterine tubes
How many layers of peritoneum does the mesentery have?
It is a double fold of peritoneum
Are secondarily retroperitoneal organs fixed or mobile?
Fixed
What is inflammation of the peritoneal membranes called?
Peritonitis
Between the parietal and visceral peritoneum is considered what?
Potential space, aka peritoneal cavity
What organs are found in the peritoneal cavity?
None!
What are the four structures of the dorsal mesentery?
splenorenal, gastrosplenic, gastrocolic, and gastrophrenic ligament
What is the significance of compressing the hepatoduodenal ligament?
Prevents blood loss into the liver
What is air in the peritoneal cavity? Where does it come from?
Pneumoperitoneum from rupture of GI tract
