Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

DM > L3 - Development of the GI Tract and GI Organs II > Flashcards

L3 - Development of the GI Tract and GI Organs II Flashcards

Feb. 6, 2019

1
Q

What empties into the cloaca?

A

GU and GI tracts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What causes a volvulus most of the time?

A

Lack of fibrous tissue connecting it to adjacent structures so the gut is free to move and twist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What causes the stenotic segment in Hirschsprung disease?

A

absence of autonomic innervation of segment of intestine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the lower anal canal?

A

proctodeum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

In a reversed rotation of the gut, where does the duodenum lie?

A

Anterior to the transverse colon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the symptoms associated with non-rotation of the gut?

A

Generally asymptomatic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Where does the ectoderm meet the endoderm in the GI tract?

A

pectinate line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Where does the cecum stand after 180 degrees of rotation?

A

In a subhepatic position

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Where does the cecum lie in a mixed rotation/volvulus?

A

Inferior to the pylorus but fixed to the posterior wall by peritoneal bands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What side of the cecum does the appendix grow from?

A

Posterior medial side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The hindgut gets arterial supply from? It drains into? Where does lymph go?

A

Inferior mesenteric artery, inferior mesenteric vein, inferior mesenteric lymph nodes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What complication can occur with a subhepatic cecum?

A

Difficulty with diagnosing appendicitis versus cholecystitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Patency of the omphaloenteric duct with the outer abdominal wall is called what?

A

Umbilical fistula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the difference between an omphalocele, umbilical hernia, and gastroschisis?

A

Omphalocele is surrounded by fetal membranes, while an umbilical hernia is covered by skin. Both herniate out through the umbilicus, but gastroschisis usually occurs lateral to the medial plane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What muscle defines low from high anorectal abnormalities?

A

puborectalis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the “twos” of Meckel’s diverticulum?

A

1) two feet proximal to the ileocecal junction
2) occurs in 2% of the population
3) approximately two inches long
4) contains two types of tissue: pancreatic and gastric
5) symptoms present before two years of age
6) male to female ratio is 2 to 1

17
Q

Above the pectinate line, what is the blood supply? Below?

A

Above: superior rectal artery of the inferior mesenteric artery
Below: inferior rectal artery of the internal pudendal

18
Q

Duodenal atresia and Hirschsprung disease are associated with which disorder?

A

Down Syndrome

19
Q

What separates high anorectal abnormalities from low ones superficially?

A

High anorectal abnormalities have no pigmentation/dimple at anus and have a flat perineum

20
Q

What is a complication of reversed rotation?

A

Compression of the transverse colon by the SMA

21
Q

What causes anal stenosis?

A

Slight dorsal deviation of the urorectal septum

22
Q

Above the pectinate line, what is the innervation? Below?

A

Above: autonomics
Below: pudendal nerve

23
Q

Why might a Meckel’s diverticulum be prone to an ulcer?

A

Contains gastric tissue which can corrode the intestinal lining

24
Q

Where is the large intestine found in non-rotation of the gut?

A

On the left side of the body

25
Q

What causes a vitelline cyst?

A

Persistence of the omphaloenteric duct which continues secreting leading to cysts

26
Q

What causes membranous atresia?

A

failure of the epithelial plug to perforate at the end of the eighth week

27
Q

What are some defining characteristics of low anorectal abnormalities?

A

1) no anal canal
2) anal bulge
3) anal dimple or stenotic opening or abnormal opening in perineum

28
Q

What is the embryological defect that causes Hirschsprung?

A

failure of neural crest cell migration

29
Q

Which limb of the midgut grows faster?

A

Cranial limb grows faster than caudal limb

30
Q

What axis does the midgut rotate around?

A

SMA

31
Q

Why might a cecum be subhepatic?

A

Cecum may adhere to the liver not allowing it to descend into the iliac fossa

32
Q

What partitions the cloaca?

A

urorectal septum

33
Q

What is the definition of a volvulus?

A

Twisting of the intestines, usually the cause of an obstruction

DM (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions