L5 Blood Transfusion

Question 1

1. Different blood group
2. indication of transfusion
3. signs and symptoms of blood transfusion
   reaction

Question 2

Source of blood for transfusion

Answer 2

Whole blood: rbc, plasma, plasma protein

Packed RBC
Rbc, little plasma
Use in massive bleeding

Platelet
Treatment for bleeding related to deficiencies in number of platelet

Fresh frozen plasma: to restore coagulant factor&
Blood volume

Question 3

Blood transfusion reaction

Answer 3

Febrile non-hemolytic reactioni
Cause: reaction to wbc in donor’s blood
S/s chill, fever, muscle stiffness
Mx: stop IV, no other pre-med
Prevention: use leukocyte reduction filter

Acute hemolytic reaction
Cause: infusion of incompatible blood product
S/s: chill, fever, lower back pain, chest tightness
Mx: stop & inform
Prevention: proper labelling

Question 4

Blood transfuse reaction: septic reaction

Answer 4

Septic reaction敗血
Cause: contamination
S/s : chill, fever, hypotension
May occur after completing transfusion
Mx: stop, broad spectrum antibiotics
Prevemtion: done within 4 hrs

Question 5

What to do if transfusion reaction is suspected

Answer 5

1. Stop transfusion
2. Notify doctor & blood bank
3. Dont flush the blood transfusion set
4. Monitor vital sign
5. Documentation