L4 “Stomach” Flashcards
Location of stomach :
• Left hypochondrium , epigastric ,umbilical regions
What is the shape of the stomach?
It’s roughly J- shaped
Most of the stomach is protected by:
The lower ribs
part of stomach:
• Funds
• body
• pylorus
Orifices of stomach:
• cardiac
• pyloric
What is the 2 borders of stomach:
Greater curvature
Lesser curvature
The pylorus is formed of 3 parts:
• Pyloric antrum
• pyloric canal
• pyloric sphincter
What is the site of the cardiac orifice?
• Gasto-esophageal sphincter
• NB. Site for mucosal transition from esophagus to stomach (Z- line)
The cardiac orifice consists of :
circular layer of smooth muscle (under vagal and hormonal control).
What is the function of cardiac orifice?
Prevent (GER) regurgitation (reflux )
Fundus of stomach :
• Dome shaped
• Located to the left cardiac orifice.
• usually full of gas
• In X-Ray film it appears black
• The fundus stores gas produced during digestion
• It doesn’t store any food
Body of stomach:
Extends from:
The level of the “fundus” to the level of “incisura Angularis” (A constant notch on the lesser curvature)
Lesser curvature:
• Form the right border of stomach
•Extends from the cardiac orifice to the pylorus.
• Attached to the liver by the lesser omentum.
Greater curvature :
• Forms the left border of the stomach.
• Extends from the cardiac orifice to the pylorus.
• Its upper part is attached to the spleen by gastrosplenic ligament
• Its lower part is attached to the transverse colon by the greater omentum
• The greater omentum((“Policeman of the Abdomen”) This is due to its immunological function(cover areas of infection with immunologically active tissue)
The pyloric antrum extends from……. .
Incisura angularis to the pylorus
• The pylorus is a ……… part of the stomach
• It lies in the …….
- Tubular
- Transpyloric plane
The pylorus has thick-muscular end called :
pyloric sphincter
The cavity of the pylorus is the ……
pyloric canal
Posterior surface (stomach bed) related to :
1- splenic flexure colon
2- transverse mesocolon
3- spleen artery
4- pancreas
5 - left kidney
6- left suprarenal gland
7- left crus of diphraagm
8- spleen
** All these structures are separated from stomach by the cavity of lesser sac (except spleen )**
Artrial Supply of the stomach :
Rt . Lt. , short Gastric artery :
• Left gastric artery : branch of celiac artery , run along lesser curvature.
• Right gastric artery: from hepatic artery of celiac , run along to left lesser curvature .
• short gastric artery : from splenic artery , pass in gastrosplenic ligament , supply fundus of stomach .
Artrial Supply of the stomach :
Rt. Lt. gastroepiploic artery
• left gastroepiploic artery: from splenic artery , pass in gastrosplenice ligament along greater curvature.
• Right gastroepiploic artery : from gastroduodenal artery of hepatic , pass to left greater curvature.
Veins of stomach-
1 - Rt. and Lt. Gastric veins, drain into Portal vein
2- Rt. gastroepiploic vein , drain into superior mesenteric vein.
3- Lt . gastroepiploic vein, drain into the splenic vein.
4- short gastric vein, drain into the splenic vein.
The lymph vessels follow the arteries , They first drain to the:
• Left and right gastric nodes
• Left and right gastroepiploic nodes
• Short gastric nodes
** all the lymph from the stomach is collected at the celiac nodes.**
What is the nasogastric tube?
Is flexible tube is passed through the nose and down the throat to reach the stomach
