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Anatomy > L2 “salivary Gland” > Flashcards

L2 “salivary Gland” Flashcards

1
Q

Salivary gland divided into:

A

Major :
-Parotid (Serous)

-Submandibular (mixed)

-Sublingual (mucous)

Minor :
-Small, in mouth cavity , Palate& tongue

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2
Q

Salivary glands are………. glands, that produce……….

A

exocrine , saliva

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3
Q

The 3 large named pairs of salivary glands:

A

Parotid: serous watery secretion

Submandibular: mixed serous & mucous secretion

Sublingual: mucous

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4
Q

The largest salivary gland :

A

Parotid gland

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5
Q

Para(………); otic (…….)

A

Para (around or near) ; otic (ear)

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6
Q

What is the position of parotid gland?

A

located in a deep space(anterior and below the lower half of the ear)

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7
Q

The position of parotid gland Anteriorly :

A

mandibular ramus & masseter

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8
Q

The position of parotid gland Posteriorly :

A

Mastoid process & sternomastoid muscle

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9
Q

The position of parotid gland Superiorly :

A

Zygomatic arch

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10
Q

The position of parotid gland Inferiorly :

A

Lower border of the mandible

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11
Q

What is the shape of parotid gland ?

A

wedge (Inverted pyramid) shaped

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12
Q

What is the 2 end of parotid gland ?

A
  1. Concave upper end (base)
  2. Lower end (apex)
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13
Q

What is the 3 borders of parotid gland ?

A
  1. Anterior border: lies on masseter muscle and the parotid duct .
  2. Posterior border: related to sternomastoid muscle.
  3. Medial border: related to lateral pharyngeal wall
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14
Q

What is the 3 Surfaces of parotid gland ?

A

• Lateral

• Anteromedial

• Posteromedial

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15
Q

The facial nerve of parotid gland courses horizontally through the gland and divides it into:

A

• Superficial lobe

• Deep lobe

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16
Q

The Accessory part of the gland :

A

is a small part of facial process lying along the parotid duct.

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17
Q

What is the pierces (4 Bs) of Parotid (stensen’s) duct ?

A

• Buccal pad of fat

• Buccopharyngeal fascia

• Buccinator muscle

• Buccal mucosa

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18
Q

Parotid duct opens into the ……… of mouth on a small papilla, opposite the ……………

A
  • vestibule
  • second upper molar tooth
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19
Q

Structures within Parotid Gland :

A
  1. Facial Nerve ‘most superficial’
  2. Retromandibular vein ‘intermediate in position’
  3. External Carotid artery ‘most deep ’
  4. Parotid group of lymph nodes
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20
Q

Facial Nerve of Parotid Gland :

A

• The facial nerve it divides the gland into superficial & deep parts. (Extracranial pathway of Facial Nerve)

• It emerges from stylomastoid foramen to “enter the gland “at its “posteromedial surface”.

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21
Q

The facial nerve It gives:

A
  • TWO Branches before it enters the gland
  • FIVE Branches within the parotid

1- Temporal 2- Zygomatic 3- Buccal 4- Mandibular
5 -Cervical.

22
Q
  1. Retromandibular vein intermediate of parotid gland :
A

• Formed within the gland by the union of maxillary & superficial temporal veins.

• It leaves “lower end” of the gland

• Before it leaves it is divided into 2 branches:

  1. anterior (joins facial vein)
  2. posterior (joins posterior auricular vein to form external jugular vein).
23
Q

External Carotid artery of parotid gland :

A

• It is divided into

Its 2- terminal branches maxillary and superficial temporal

• arteries at neck of mandible, which they leave upper end & anteriomedial surface of gland.

24
Q

Nerve supply of the parotid gland

Parasympathetic (secretomotor):

A

• Reach gland through auriculotemporal nerve

25
Q

Nerve supply of the parotid gland

Sympathetic :

A

• from plexus around external carotid artery.

26
Q

Nerve supply of the parotid gland

Sensory supply:

A

• Auriculo-temporal nerve (a branch of posterior division of mandibular nerve)

27
Q

Blood supplyI the parotid gland :

Arterial supply:

A

• external carotid artery + its 2-terminal branches (maxillary artery + superficial temporal artery)

28
Q

Blood supplyI the parotid gland :

Venous drainage:

A

• The 2-veins (maxillary & superficial temporal veins) drain into the retromandibular vein.

29
Q

Blood supplyI the parotid gland :

Lymphatic

A

• parotid lymph nodes which finally drain into deep cervical lymph nodes.

30
Q

Clinical Aspect of Parotid Gland :

1-Parotid gland infection:

A

1- Mumps

• Present at 4 – 6 years old
• Uncommon due to MMR vaccine
• Pathogen: mumps virus (a paramyxovirus)
• Presentation: painful parotid swelling (may involve submandibular and sublingual glands)

31
Q

Submandibular Gland :

A

• It is a lobulated mass, located deep to the body of the mandible.

32
Q

Submandibular Gland Formed of two parts :

A

• Large Superficial Part: lies in digastric triangle between mylohyoid & body of mandible

• Small Deep Part: lies deep to mylohyoid and superficial to hyoglossus.

• Its deep part is continuous with superficial part around posterior border of mylohyoid muscle.

33
Q

Submandibular (wharton’s) duct :

A

• Emerges from deep part of the gland

• The duct opens in “floor of mouth” at summit
of sublingual papilla close to frenulum of
tongue

34
Q

Warthon’s duct, drained submandibular gland that opens ……..?

A

into anterior floor of mouth

35
Q

The Anatomical relationship of Submandibular duct:

A
  1. Lingual nerve.
  2. Hypoglossal nerve.
  3. Anterior facial vein.
  4. Facial artery .
  5. Marginal mandibular branch of facial nerve.
36
Q

Submandibular Gland

Arterial Supply :

A

branches of facial & lingual arteries.

37
Q

Submandibular Gland

Lymph drainage :

A

submandibular + deep cervical lymph nodes

38
Q

Submandibular Gland

Nerve supply :

A
  1. Parasympathetic: (lingual nerve into gland)
  2. Sympathetic fibers: from plexus of nerves around “Facial”+ “Lingual” arteries
  3. Sensory: lingual nerve
39
Q

What is the most commonly injured during excision a tumor of the submandibular salivary gland, so the patient complains of loss of general sensation of anterior 2/3 of the tongue after the operation ?

A

Lingual nerve of Submandibular Gland

40
Q

Sialolithiasis “Salivary Calculi” is:

A

• Most common in submandibular gland (80–90%)

• Risk: associated with gout (Uric acid) and smoking

41
Q

What is the Smallest salivary gland ?

A

Sublingual salivary gland

42
Q

Shape of Sublingual salivary gland

A

• Almond shaped
• Wide anterior end
• Narrow posterior end
• lies in sublingual fossa of the mandible

43
Q

The ducts of the sublingual glands membrane are called

A

Bartholin’s ducts

44
Q

The Relations of Sublingual salivary gland :

Superiorly:

Inferiorly:

Laterally:

A

1) Superiorly: mucous membrane of floor of mouth

2) Inferiorly: mylohyoid muscle

3)Laterally: sublingual fossa of mandible

45
Q

Sublingual ducts open into ……by……..ducts on summit of sublingual fold

A

floor of mouth , 8 -20 ducts

46
Q

Minor salivary gland :

A

• About 450 lie under the mucosa

• They are distirbuted in the mucosa of the lips, cheeks ,palate, floor of mouth & retromolar area

• Also appear in oropharyanx, larynx & trachea

47
Q

Cyst , Ranula it’s disorder of minor&………salivary gland

A

Sublingual

48
Q

Cystk :

A

•Extravasation cyst result from trauma to overlying mucosa.

•Mucous retention cyst in the floor of the mouth due to obstruction.

49
Q

Ranula :

A

extravasation cyst that arises from sublingual gland.

50
Q

Tumors of minor & sublingual salivary gland are ….

A

• extremely rare
• 90% are malignant.

51
Q

The Most common site of tumors of minor & sublingual salivary gland :

A

upper lip, palate & retromolar region.

Anatomy (8 decks)

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