L2 “salivary Gland” Flashcards by Raghad -olfa Olfa

Salivary gland divided into:

Major :
-Parotid (Serous)

-Submandibular (mixed)

-Sublingual (mucous)

Minor :
-Small, in mouth cavity , Palate& tongue

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Salivary glands are………. glands, that produce……….

exocrine , saliva

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The 3 large named pairs of salivary glands:

Parotid: serous watery secretion

Submandibular: mixed serous & mucous secretion

Sublingual: mucous

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The largest salivary gland :

Parotid gland

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Para(………); otic (…….)

Para (around or near) ; otic (ear)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the position of parotid gland?

located in a deep space(anterior and below the lower half of the ear)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The position of parotid gland Anteriorly :

mandibular ramus & masseter

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The position of parotid gland Posteriorly :

Mastoid process & sternomastoid muscle

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The position of parotid gland Superiorly :

Zygomatic arch

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The position of parotid gland Inferiorly :

Lower border of the mandible

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the shape of parotid gland ?

wedge (Inverted pyramid) shaped

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the 2 end of parotid gland ?

Concave upper end (base)
Lower end (apex)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the 3 borders of parotid gland ?

Anterior border: lies on masseter muscle and the parotid duct .
Posterior border: related to sternomastoid muscle.
Medial border: related to lateral pharyngeal wall

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the 3 Surfaces of parotid gland ?

• Lateral

• Anteromedial

• Posteromedial

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The facial nerve of parotid gland courses horizontally through the gland and divides it into:

• Superficial lobe

• Deep lobe

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The Accessory part of the gland :

is a small part of facial process lying along the parotid duct.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the pierces (4 Bs) of Parotid (stensen’s) duct ?

• Buccal pad of fat

• Buccopharyngeal fascia

• Buccinator muscle

• Buccal mucosa

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Parotid duct opens into the ……… of mouth on a small papilla, opposite the ……………

vestibule
second upper molar tooth

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Structures within Parotid Gland :

Facial Nerve ‘most superficial’
Retromandibular vein ‘intermediate in position’
External Carotid artery ‘most deep ’
Parotid group of lymph nodes

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Facial Nerve of Parotid Gland :

• The facial nerve it divides the gland into superficial & deep parts. (Extracranial pathway of Facial Nerve)

• It emerges from stylomastoid foramen to “enter the gland “at its “posteromedial surface”.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The facial nerve It gives:

TWO Branches before it enters the gland
FIVE Branches within the parotid

1- Temporal 2- Zygomatic 3- Buccal 4- Mandibular
5 -Cervical.

Retromandibular vein intermediate of parotid gland :

• Formed within the gland by the union of maxillary & superficial temporal veins.

• It leaves “lower end” of the gland

• Before it leaves it is divided into 2 branches:

anterior (joins facial vein)
posterior (joins posterior auricular vein to form external jugular vein).

External Carotid artery of parotid gland :

• It is divided into

Its 2- terminal branches maxillary and superficial temporal

• arteries at neck of mandible, which they leave upper end & anteriomedial surface of gland.

Nerve supply of the parotid gland

Parasympathetic (secretomotor):

• Reach gland through auriculotemporal nerve

Nerve supply of the parotid gland Sympathetic :

• from plexus around external carotid artery.

Nerve supply of the parotid gland Sensory supply:

• Auriculo-temporal nerve (a branch of posterior division of mandibular nerve)

Blood supplyI the parotid gland : Arterial supply:

• external carotid artery + its 2-terminal branches (maxillary artery + superficial temporal artery)

Blood supplyI the parotid gland : Venous drainage:

• The 2-veins (maxillary & superficial temporal veins) drain into the retromandibular vein.

Blood supplyI the parotid gland : Lymphatic

• parotid lymph nodes which finally drain into deep cervical lymph nodes.

Clinical Aspect of Parotid Gland : 1-Parotid gland infection:

1- Mumps • Present at 4 – 6 years old • Uncommon due to MMR vaccine • Pathogen: mumps virus (a paramyxovirus) • Presentation: painful parotid swelling (may involve submandibular and sublingual glands)

Submandibular Gland :

• It is a lobulated mass, located deep to the body of the mandible.

Submandibular Gland Formed of two parts :

• Large Superficial Part: lies in digastric triangle between mylohyoid & body of mandible • Small Deep Part: lies deep to mylohyoid and superficial to hyoglossus. • Its deep part is continuous with superficial part around posterior border of mylohyoid muscle.

Submandibular (wharton’s) duct :

• Emerges from deep part of the gland • The duct opens in “floor of mouth” at summit of sublingual papilla close to frenulum of tongue

Warthon’s duct, drained submandibular gland that opens ……..?

into anterior floor of mouth

The Anatomical relationship of Submandibular duct:

1. Lingual nerve. 2. Hypoglossal nerve. 3. Anterior facial vein. 4. Facial artery . 5. Marginal mandibular branch of facial nerve.

Submandibular Gland Arterial Supply :

branches of facial & lingual arteries.

Submandibular Gland Lymph drainage :

submandibular + deep cervical lymph nodes

Submandibular Gland Nerve supply :

1. Parasympathetic: (lingual nerve into gland) 2. Sympathetic fibers: from plexus of nerves around “Facial”+ “Lingual” arteries 3. Sensory: lingual nerve

What is the most commonly injured during excision a tumor of the submandibular salivary gland, so the patient complains of loss of general sensation of anterior 2/3 of the tongue after the operation ?

Lingual nerve of Submandibular Gland

Sialolithiasis “Salivary Calculi” is:

• Most common in submandibular gland (80–90%) • Risk: associated with gout (Uric acid) and smoking

What is the Smallest salivary gland ?

Sublingual salivary gland

Shape of Sublingual salivary gland

• Almond shaped • Wide anterior end • Narrow posterior end • lies in sublingual fossa of the mandible

The ducts of the sublingual glands membrane are called

Bartholin’s ducts

The Relations of Sublingual salivary gland : Superiorly: Inferiorly: Laterally:

1) Superiorly: mucous membrane of floor of mouth 2) Inferiorly: mylohyoid muscle 3)Laterally: sublingual fossa of mandible

Sublingual ducts open into ……by……..ducts on summit of sublingual fold

floor of mouth , 8 -20 ducts

Minor salivary gland :

• About 450 lie under the mucosa • They are distirbuted in the mucosa of the lips, cheeks ,palate, floor of mouth & retromolar area • Also appear in oropharyanx, larynx & trachea

Cyst , Ranula it’s disorder of minor&………salivary gland

Sublingual

Cystk :

•Extravasation cyst result from trauma to overlying mucosa. •Mucous retention cyst in the floor of the mouth due to obstruction.

Ranula :

extravasation cyst that arises from sublingual gland.

Tumors of minor & sublingual salivary gland are ….

• extremely rare • 90% are malignant.

The Most common site of tumors of minor & sublingual salivary gland :

upper lip, palate & retromolar region.