L4 - Proteins p1 Flashcards

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1
Q

How many natural amino acids are there?

A

20

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2
Q

what are examples of proteins?

6

A

enzymes, hormones, haemoglobin, collagen

actid, myosin (in muscles)

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3
Q

what type of bond do proteins have?

A

peptide bonds

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4
Q

what are essential amino acids?

A

amino acids that must be obtained from diet

can’t be made in body

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5
Q

what are some properties of amino acids?

3

A

colourless

crystalline

genuinely soluble in water but insoluble in organic solvents

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6
Q

What test is done for proteins?

A

biuret test

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7
Q

What is the biuret test?

A

add 2-3cm of liquid food sample to a clean, dry test tube

add 2-3cm of biuret reagent

observe for colour change

blue - purple/lilac means protein is positive

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8
Q

What is the structure of an amino acid?

5

A

1 amino group (2H, 1N)

1 carboxylic acid group (1C, 10, 1OH)

1 R group

1 C in middle

1H off the C

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9
Q

What are proteins made of?

A

amino acids

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10
Q

What are the 4 levels of structure for protein?

A

primary
secondary
tertiary
quaternary

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11
Q

What makes up amino acids?

A

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen

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