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Biology - Biological Molecules > L10 - Polysaccharides > Flashcards

L10 - Polysaccharides Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a polysaccharide?

A

Many monosaccharide monomers joined by glycosidic bonds

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2
Q

Describe the structure of glucose

A

C6H12O6

Hexo sugar

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3
Q

What is the function of glucose?

A

respiratory substrate

good source of energy

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4
Q

How is glucose adapted for its function?

A

small + soluble

which makes it a good metabolite

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5
Q

describe the structure of starch (in general)

A

alpha glucose monomers in polysaccharides

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6
Q

What is the function of starch?

A

storage polymer in plants

broken down to release glucose for energy

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7
Q

How is starch adapted for its function?

A

very compact, large, insoluble

which makes it ideal for storage

hydrolysis easily (to release monomer)

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8
Q

what are the two types of starch?

A

amylose

amylopectin

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9
Q

describe the structure of amylose?

A

1,4 glycosidic bond

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10
Q

describe the structure of amylopectin?

A

1,4 glycosidic bond + occasional 1,6 glycosidic bonds which causes branching

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11
Q

describe the structure of glycogen

A

Alpha glucose monomers in polysaccharides

1,4 glycosidic bonds

1,6 glycosidic bonds (more than amylopectin, so more branched)

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12
Q

What is the function of glycogen?

A

Storage polymer in animals

Broken down to release glucose for energy

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13
Q

how is glycogen adapted for its function?

A

large, insoluble, compact

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14
Q

describe the structure of cellulose

A

Beta glucose monomers in polysaccharides

Straight chain cause of inverted beta glucoses
Cross links across parallel chains (hydrogen bonds)

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15
Q

What is the function of cellulose?

A

Structural polymer in plant cell walls

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16
Q

How is cellulose adapted for its function?

A

strong

cross links

17
Q

How do you test for starch?

A

Place 2cm3 of starch solution in a boiling tube

Add a few drops of iodine

Observe the colour (light brown - black)

Place In a water bath of boiling water + observe any changes

Place in a beaker of cold water + observe any changes

Biology - Biological Molecules (13 decks)

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