L4 Hydrocarbon isomers

Question 1

what is isomers?

Answer 1

compounds that have the same molecular formula but different molecular structures

Question 2

what are the two types of isomers?

Answer 2

• structural isomers
• stereoisomers

Question 3

what is structural isomers?

Answer 3

have the same chemical formula but their atoms are bonded in different arrangements

Question 4

factors affecting boiling point?

Answer 4

• number of carbons: the higher the number of carbons the higher the boiling point + the number of possible structural isomers increases
• number of branches: the higher the number of branches the lower the boiling point because it decreases the intermolecular force

Question 5

what is stereoisomers?

Answer 5

isomers in which all atoms are bounded in the same order but arranged differently in space

Question 6

one type of stereoisomers is?

Answer 6

geometric isomers –> result from different arrangement of groups around a double bond

Question 7

what are the conditions of geometrical isomerism?

Answer 7

1. carbon-carbon double bond
2. two unlike groups linked to each of the sides of doubly bonded carbon atoms

Question 8

what does cis mean in stereoisomers (geometric isomers) ?

Answer 8

when two groups on the same side

Question 9

what does trans mean in stereoisomers (geometric isomers) ?

Answer 9

when two groups are across from each other

Question 10

who cannot form geometric isomers?

Answer 10

alkyne
alkane
1-alkene

Question 11

both geometric isomers and stereoisomers ?

Answer 11

have different chemical and physical properties