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Surgery II - OSCE > L4: Bladder Cancer > Flashcards

L4: Bladder Cancer Flashcards

1
Q
A
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2
Q

Incidence of Bladder Cancer

A

10 Per 100K

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3
Q

Incidence of Bladder Cancer

  • Age
A
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4
Q

Incidence of Bladder Cancer

  • Sex
A

Male: Female → 3:1

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5
Q

Incidence of Bladder Cancer

  • Race
A

White race more than blacks.

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6
Q

Incidence of Bladder Cancer

  • Occupation
A
  • In Egypt: Farmers & Aniline workers.
  • Abroad: Aniline workers.
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7
Q

RF for Bladder Cancer

A
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8
Q

RF for Bladder Cancer

  • Most Evident
A

Smoking

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9
Q

RF for Bladder Cancer

  • Chronic Irritation
A
  • Chronic cystitis & bladder stone: Increase risk of SCC.
  • Chronic urinary tract infection (UTI).
  • Indwelling catheter: Increase Irritation + UTI.
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10
Q

RF for Bladder Cancer

  • Biharziasis
A

Schistosoma haematobium + UTI.

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11
Q

RF for Bladder Cancer

  • Radiation Exposure
A

…

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12
Q

Pathological Types of Bladder Cancer

A
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13
Q

Pathological Types of Bladder Cancer

  • 1ry
A
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14
Q

Pathological Types of Bladder Cancer

  • 2ry
A

Metastasis from Melanoma, Colon, Prostate, Lung, Breast.

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15
Q

Gross Picture of Bladder Cancer

A
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16
Q

Sites of Bladder Cancer

A
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17
Q

Staging of Bladder Cancer

A
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18
Q

Staging of Bladder Cancer

  • T
A
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19
Q

Staging of Bladder Cancer

  • N
A
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20
Q

Staging of Bladder Cancer

  • M
A
21
Q

Pre-Cancerous Lesion in bladder Cancer

A
22
Q

Pre-Cancerous Lesion in SCC

A
  • Squamous metaplasia
  • Leukoplakia
23
Q

Pre-Cancerous Lesion in Adenocarcinoma

A

Cystitis glandularis

24
Q

Pre-Cancerous Lesion in TCC

A

Dysplasia (Atypia)

25
Q

Pre-Cancerous Lesion in CIS

A

Dysplasia (Atypia)

26
Q

CP of Bladder Cancer

A
27
Q

Complications of Bladder Cancer

A
28
Q

Investigations for Bladder Cancer

A
29
Q

Investigations for Bladder Cancer

  • Lab
A
30
Q

Investigations for Bladder Cancer

  • Rad
A
31
Q

Rad Investigations for Bladder Cancer

A
32
Q

Rad Investigations for Bladder Cancer

  • KUB
A

Detect associated stones or eatening of calcification of the bladder.

33
Q

Rad Investigations for Bladder Cancer

  • US
A

Pelvic u/s in full bladder can detect masses.

34
Q

Rad Investigations for Bladder Cancer

  • IVP
A
35
Q

Rad Investigations for Bladder Cancer

  • CT
A
36
Q

Rad Investigations for Bladder Cancer

  • Pelvic MRI
A

…

37
Q

Rad Investigations for Bladder Cancer

  • Other Rads
A
38
Q

Investigations for Bladder Cancer

  • Cystoscopy & Biopsy
A

“Diagnostic”

  • EUA: Examination under anesthesia
39
Q

TTT of Bladder Cancer

A

Muscle Invasive Or Not

40
Q

TTT of Bladder Cancer

  • Depends on
A

1) Tumor stage
2) Tumor cell type
3) General condition of the patient
4) Patient compliance
5) Treatment facilities

41
Q

TTT of Bladder Cancer

  • Non-Muscle Invasive Tumours
A
42
Q

TTT of Bladder Cancer

  • Muscle Invasive Tumours
A
43
Q

TTT of Bladder Cancer

  • In Advanced (CT48) And/or Metastatic Disease
A
44
Q

Def of Urinary Diversion

A

Storage of urine in a reservoir other than the bladder or passage of urine in a pathway other than normal urethra

45
Q

Methods of Urinary Diversion

A
46
Q

Complications of Diversions

A

Early & Late

47
Q

Complications of Diversions

  • Early Complications
A
48
Q

Late Complications of Diversions

  • Non-Metabolic
A
49
Q

Metabolic Late Complications of Diversions

A

Surgery II - OSCE (20 decks)

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