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Surgery II - OSCE > L1: Histoty > Flashcards

L1: Histoty Flashcards

1
Q
A
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2
Q

Etiology of Renal Pain

A

Caused by acute distention of the renal capsule.

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3
Q

Nerves Carrying Renal Pain

A

Sympathetic nerves convey the pains from the kidney (T10-L1).

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4
Q

Characters of Renal Pain

A

Dull aching pain or Renal colic.

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5
Q

Site & referal of Renal Pain

A
  • Origin: Costo-vertebral angle or loin.
  • Radiation: Umbilicus, lower abdominal quadrant & testis.
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6
Q

Renal Pain may be associated with …..

A
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7
Q

Relation of Renal Pain to posture & eating

A
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8
Q

Upper third Ureteric Pain

A
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9
Q

Mid Third Ureteric Pain

A
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10
Q

Lower Third Ureteric Pain

A
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11
Q

Rolling Sign

A

Characterstic to Ureteric Colic

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12
Q

Etiology of Bladder Pain

A
  • Most common cause: Acute Urine Retention (AUR).
  • Other causes: Inflammation, Tumors, Trauma, Neuropathic & Myogenic disorder.
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13
Q

Criteria of pain due to full bladder:

A
  • Constant Suprapubic pain related to act of micturition, terminal dysuria.
  • Referred to distal urethra.
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14
Q

Criteria of pain due to AUR

A
  • Suprapubic severe agonizing, bursting pain.
  • Sudden inability to urinate in spite of desire to do so.
  • The bladder is full and over-distended.
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15
Q

Criteria of pain due to CUR

A
  • Painless (i.e. just Suprapubic discomfort).
  • Dribbling with overflow incontinence.
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16
Q

Symptoms Related to the act of Micturation

A
  • Obstructive voiding symptoms (Voiding LUTS)
  • Irritative Voiding Symptoms (Storage LUTS)
17
Q

What is another name of Obstructive voiding symptoms?

A

Voiding LUTS

18
Q

Examples of Obstructive voiding symptoms (Voiding LUTS)

19
Q

Examples of Irritative Voiding Symptoms (Storage LUTS)

20
Q

Types of Incontinence

21
Q

Physical Characters of Urine

A
  • Volume
  • Color
  • Odor
  • Aspect
  • Nature
22
Q

Normal Volume of Urine

A

0.5-1ml/hr?/kg

23
Q

Abnormal Volume of Urine

24
Q

Normal Color of Urine

A

Amber yellow

25
Q

Abnormal Color of Urine

26
Q

Patient Position in DRE

A

1) Dorsal position.
2) Lithotomy position.
3) Left lateral position.
4) Elbow chest position.
5) Standing and leaning forward.

27
Q

Insperction in DRE

28
Q

Anal Canal Examination in DRE

29
Q

Finger introduction in DRE

30
Q

Prostate Zone Examination in DRE

31
Q

Supra-Prostatic Zone Examination in DRE

32
Q

Bi-manual Examination in DRE

A
  • Best under anaesthesia
  • For: bladder tumor staging.
33
Q

Bi-Digital Examination in DRE

A
  • Index in anus and thumb in perineum.
  • For:
    Cowper’s gland infection (acute, chronic).
    Fistula: whip-cord induration.
34
Q

Final Steps in DRE

A
  • Finger inspection: Mucous, blood.
  • Cleaning,
  • Say thanks to patient.

Surgery II - OSCE (20 decks)

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