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Human Anatomy exam 1 > L4 Anterior Compartment: Arm, Forearm, Hand > Flashcards

L4 Anterior Compartment: Arm, Forearm, Hand Flashcards

1
Q

Elbow joint shape and movement

A

Hinge shaped synovial joint

Humeral-radial and humeral-ulnar

Capitulum and radial head meet (lateral)
Trochlea and trochlear notch meet (medial)

Transverse axis allows for flexion and tension only

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2
Q

Proximal radio-ulnar joint shape and movement

A

Between radial notch of ulnar and radial head

Pivot shaped synovial

Vertical axis allows rotation of radius on ulna (pronation/supination)

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3
Q

What major branches make up the anterior compartment of the brachial plexus of the arm? And what are their main actions?

A

Musculocutaneous n.

Flexion of arm and forearm
Supination of forearm

Median and ulnar n. Pass through arm but DONT innervate anything

(Ulnar nerve gives funny bone response)

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4
Q

What major branches make up the anterior compartment of the brachial plexus of the forearm? And what are their main actions?

A

Median n. , ulnar n.

Flexion of forearm, WRIST and FINGERS
Pronation of forearm

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5
Q

Distal radio-ulnar joint shape and movement

A

Pivot shaped synovial joint

Between distal end radius and ulna

Vertical axis allows rotation of radius on ulna (pronation/supination)

Ulna does not touch carpals because of articular disc

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6
Q

Why is adduction of the hand greater than abduction?

A

Styloid process of the radius limits abduction

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7
Q

Wrist (radiocarpal) joint shape and movement

A

Conyloid shaped synovial joint

Between radius and lunate and scaphoid of wrist (ulna doesn’t participate)

Transverse axis allows flexion and extension

Anteroposterior axis allows abduction and adduction

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8
Q

Carpometacarpal joints shape and movement

A

Between carpal and metacarpals

Fingers -plane shaped synovial allow adduction and abduction

Thumb- saddle shaped synovial allows flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, circumduction

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9
Q

What are three ligaments of the elbow?

A

Radial collateral ligament

Ulnar collateral ligament

Anular ligament

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10
Q

What are parts of the elbow that form the joint ?

A

Capitulum and radial head

Trochlea and trochlear botch

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11
Q

What compartment is the musculocutaneous nerve in, where does it travel, and what does it innervate/what sensory info does it get?

A

Anterior

Lateral cord pierces through coracobrachialis travels between biceps brachii and coracobrachialis/brachialis

Terminates at the lateral cutaneous nerve of forearm

Motor innervation of C5 and C6
Sensory info from lateral forearm (C6)

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12
Q

How can you test C5 and C6 spinal cord segments?

A

Hit inner elbow joint and observe biceps reflex

Brief jerk= good

Prolonged/excessive response =bad

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13
Q

What 3 ligaments hold radius and ulna together?

A

Anular ligament

articular disc at distal radio-ulnar joint

interosseous membrane- seen between radius and ulna in cross-section of forearm

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14
Q

Metacarpophalangeal joints shape and movements

A

Condyloid shaped synovial joints

Rotation around transverse axis- flexion and extension

Rotation around anteroposterior axis- abduction, adduction, circumduction

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15
Q

What are the four metacarpal ligaments?

A

Deep transverse metacarpal ligament

Lateral collateral ligaments

Medial collateral ligaments

Palmar ligament

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16
Q

Interphalangeal joints shape and movement?

A

Hinge shaped synovial

Rotation around transverse axis-flexion and extension

2 on fingers
Proximal interphalangeal joint (PIP)
Distal interphalangeal joint (DIP)

1 on thumb

17
Q

Ligaments associated with interphalangeal joints

A

Palmar

Lateral collateral

Medial collateral

18
Q

Superficial muscles of anterior compartment of forearm

A

Pronator teres

Flexor carpi radialis

Palmaris longus

Flexor carpi unlaris

19
Q

Intermediate muscles of anterior compartment of forearm

A

Flexor digitorum superficialis

20
Q

Deep muscles of anterior compartment of forearm

A

Flexor digitorum profundus

Flexor pollicis longus

Pronator quadratics

21
Q

What’s the relationship of the tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis and profundus?

A

Tendon of FDP goes through tendon of FDS and extends further

22
Q

What compartment is the median nerve in, where does it travel, and what does it innervate/what sensory info does it get?

A

Anterior

Leaves cubical fossa by passing btw two heads of pronator teres

Passes deep to flexor retinaculum
(Palmar branch passes superficial to flexor retinaculum)

Innervate MOST muscles of anterior compartment (C7,8)

Sensory info from lateral palm and tip of thumb (C6,7)

23
Q

Whats the Anterior inteosseus n

A

Branch of median nerve

Travels distally to median n.

Innervate muscles in the deep layer except FDP

24
Q

What compartment is the ulnar nerve in, where does it travel, and what does it innervate/what sensory info does it get?

A

Anterior

Enters forearm by passing posteriorly around medial epicondyle

Travels medially w ulnar a.

Innervate FCU and medial part of FDP (C8,T1)

Sensory info from medial palm, tip of little finger (C8)

25
Q

What’s the roof of the carpal tunnel called and the four bones on its corners?

A

Flexor retinaculum

Scaphoid     Pisiform 
Trapezium   Hamate(hook)
26
Q

What’s ulnar/Guyons canal

A

Canal right above carpal tunnel which contains ulnar a. and ulnar n.

27
Q

What are joints of the hand/wrist

A

Carpometacarpal

Metacarpophalangeal (MP)

PIP

DIP

28
Q

What are the tendons / nerves within carpal tunnel you should know?

A

Median n

FPL, FCR, FDS, FDP tendons

29
Q

What compartment are all muscles of the hand part of and what are the 5 compartments?

A

Anterior

Thenar-pollex

Central-long flexor tendons and lumbricals

Adductor- adductor pollicis

Interosseous - interosseous muscles

Hypothecate - digit V

30
Q

Muscles of thenar and adductor compartment

A

Flexor pollicis brevis

Abductor pollicis brevis

Opponens pollicis

Adductor pollicis

31
Q

Flexor pollicis brevis is separated into two heads what innervates each?

A

Deep head - deep branch of ulnar n

Superficial head- recurrent branch of median n

32
Q

Muscles of the hypothenar compartment

A

Flexor digiti minimi brevis

Abductor digiti minimi

Opponens digiti minimi

33
Q

What are the muscles of the Interosseous compartment?

A

3 Palmar interossei
On pinky, ring, pointer
Adduction (fingers to middle finger)

4 dorsal interossei
Little deeper
Abduction (fingers away from middle finger)

34
Q

What are the muscles of the lumbricals compartment?

A

4 lumbricals

Originate on tendons of FDP and insert on digits 2-5

Simultaneous flexion of MP joints and extension of IP joints

35
Q

What muscle innervation and sensory is the median nerve responsible for in the hand?

A

recurrent branch of median n. innervates thenar muscles (except deep head of FPB) and lateral lumbricals (C8)

C6,7 provide sensory info from thumb, middle and pointer fingers and portion of palm that lines up with them

36
Q

What muscle innervation and sensory is the ulnar nerve responsible for in the hand?

A

Deep branch of ulnar n. innervates hypothenar, interossei, medical lumbricals, and deep head of FPB (T1, C8)

Superficial branch of ulnar n. gives sensory info from medial palm, tip of little finger from

Human Anatomy exam 1 (7 decks)

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