L31 Protein & Alcohol Metabolism Flashcards
Amino acids are not stored by the body, thus must be topped up via…
Diet
Proteins are broken down by…
Proteases
Remaining tripeptides and dipeptides are broken down into amino acids by…
Peptidase
During long term starvation, the body acquires amino acids from:
a) breaking down structural and functional proteins
b) metabolic reactions
c) storage molecules
d) all of the above
a) breaking down structural and functional proteins
The most common cause of death in chronic malnutrition is from infections. In terms of amino acids explain why…
In the absence of amino acids, the body is unable to produce antibodies. Without antibodies the immune system is compromised and highly susceptible to infection
The alpha amino group of amino acids is toxic. It is recycled via the…
Urea cycle, in which it is converted to NH4
Transaminases are a key enzyme in…
Amino acid metabolism
Amino acids can be used as an energy source. For example glutamate in converted into alpha ketoglutarate via ? Which is used in the ? To generate energy.
Glutamate dehydrogenase
Used to Citric acid cycle
All amino acids are converted through 7 intermediates which are either…
Glucogenic or ketogenic
The body can build new types of amino acids by adding amino groups using…
Amino acyl transferase
Alcohol binds to…
GABA receptors
Symptoms of alcohol toxicity range from…
Relaxation and mild euphoria to stupor and death
Differences in alcohol metabolism between men and women can be explained by differences in…
Weight and body composition.
Lower weight = lower blood volume
Higher body fat - fat doesn’t absorb alcohol
The two key enzymes involved in alcohol metabolism are…
Alcohol dehydrogenase
Aldehyde dehydrogenase
Ethanol is converted to acetaldehyde by…
Alcohol dehydrogenase
