L30_Virus Structure and Classification Flashcards
What were viruses originally known as when they were first discovered?
Filterable Agents (Not trapped by filter that normally sterilizes liquid)
What is a Capsid?
The protein shell that encapsulates the nucleic acid genome.
What is a Virion?
the particle encoded by a virus genome
What is the definition of a virus?
A capsid-encoding organism
What type of parasites are viruses?
Obligate intracellular parasites
What are the three things encoded on a virus genome?
Capsids (structural protein), Replicon (Machinery needed to replicate its RNA or DNA), Host Cell interacting factors (help keep virus alive, non-structural proteins)
What are the three different classes of capsid shapes?
Helical, Iscosahedral, complex
Do all viruses have an envelope?
NO
Where do viruses obtain envelope?
Host Cell membrane
Is the capsid shape dependent on the genome type?
NO
What are three major categories used to classify viruses?
Host Cell, Genome Type, Virion Structure
What is the 3 part strategy to ensure survival that all viruses use?
1 genome encodes a capsid that protects virion outside of cell
2 Genome contains info for infecting cell, replicating genome, intracellular survival, and assembling virions
3 Transmission to a new host is required to maintain the virus as a species
List the following structures from the inside to outside of virus: Matrix, Nucleocapsid, Capsid or Core, Tegument, Envelope, Spike or Fiber, Glycoprotein, Genome Segments.
1 Genome segments 2 Nucleocapsid (Protein that coats genome) 3 Capsid or Core 4 Tegument 5 Matrix 6 Envelope 7 Glycoprotein 8 Spike or Fiber
Adenovirus virion structure, geneome, envelope
icosahedral, dsDNA, naked
Influenza virion structure, geneome, envelope
Helical, segmented RNA, enveloped
