Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

omopor > L3: oral histology > Flashcards

L3: oral histology Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 3 layers of epithelium in non keratinized oral mucosa

A

outermost to innermost:
superficial
intermediate layer
basal layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are the 4 layers of epithelium in keratinized mucosa

A

outermost to innermost:

corneal layer (stratum corneum)
granular layer (stratum granulosum)
spinous layer (stratum spinosum)
basal layer (stratum basale)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is the difference between ortho and para keratinized epithelium

A

para keratinized got flattened cell nuclei
ortho dont have

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are rete ridges

A

are epithelial projections into lamina propria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

2 kinds of lamina propria

A

papillary, reticular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what are papilla in the lamina propria

A

connective tissue projections into epithelium

like interdigitate with rete ridges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

defn of hyperkeratosis

A

thickening of stratum corneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

defn of epithelial hyperplasia aka acanthosis

A

characterized by increased cell numbers, which usually results in increased thickness of the squamous epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

when there is an increase in spinous layer cells, it is called

A

acanthosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is epithelial atrophy

A

thinning of epithelium associated with decrease in number of epithelial cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what can counting mitotic figures tell a pathologist

A

can help to tell benign from malignant or a change towards malignancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what are mitotic figures

A

microscopic appearance of a cell undergoing mitosis
instead of a nucleus, chromosomes are visible as tangled, dark staining threads

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

normal mitosis always happens in which layer in epithelium

A

basal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

in epithelial dysplasia, what happens to nucleus

A

nuclear size increases leading to increased N:C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what does hyperchromatic nuclei mean and what is it indicative of

A

dark, strongly stained nucleus
(indicative of proliferative status)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

compared to the cells in other layers, basal cells have what kind of nuclei and cytoplasm. as it moved up the layers, what happens?

A
  • basal cells have bigger, darker nuclei and smaller cytoplasm
  • as it moves up, nucleus becomes smaller, cytoplasm becomes bigger
  • cell flattens out
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

___ hold keratinocytes together

A

desmosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what does endophytic vs exophytic mean

A
  • endophytic = lesion that appears to grow inwards into underlying tissues (invasive properties, usually more dangerous)
  • exophytic: lesion that appears to grow outwards from mucosa
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what are the 7 stages of tooth development

A

1) initiation
2) thickening of dental epithelium
3) bud stage
4) cap stage
5) early bell stage
6) late bell stage
7) root formation stage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

in the bud stage, the _____ resembles a small bud

A

enamel organ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what type of cells form enamel organ?

A

peripherally located low columnar basal cells
centrally located polygonal cells

supporting ectomesenchymal cells are packed closely beneath and around the epithelial bud

22
Q

in the cap stage, what types of differentiation give rise to 3 cell types

A

histo and morpho differentiation

23
Q

in the cap stage, what is the description of the peripheral cells?

A

cuboidal, they line the convexity
known as the OEE

24
Q

in the cap stage, what are the 3 cell types formed?

A

OEE -> peripheral cells, cuboidal
IEE -> cells lining concavity, columnar
stellate reticulum -> body of the cap shaped ename organ is filled with loose star shaped cells

25
Q

in the early bell stage, what cells is the IEE made of

A

short to tall, columnar cells (pre ameloblasts)

26
Q

in late bell stage, what does IEE differentiate into

A

IEE in the early bell stage was columnar cells (pre ameloblasts), late bell: differentiate into enamel secreting cells (ameloblasts)

27
Q

what cells are in the odontoblastic layer of the dental papilla

A

tall, columnar shaped

28
Q

what is the layer of cells between the IEE and the stellate reticulum called
what shape are they

A

stratum intermedium
compressed flat to cuboidal cells

29
Q

which phase is the reduced enamel epithelium found in

A

pre eruptive phase

30
Q

what happens in pre eruptive phase

A

enamel organ collages and reduces to few layer thick epithelium called reduced enamel epithelium

REE = compressed stratified squamous epithelium derived from compression of ameloblasts, SI and SR, OEE layers

31
Q

what epithelium is common in a cyst associated with inflammation?

A

non keratinised stratified squamous epitelium with rete ridge formaiton

32
Q

dentigerous cyst originates from what

A

from odontogenic apparatus

33
Q

we have as many enamel organs as we have ___

A

teeth

34
Q

what does ameloblastoma mean

A

means the px has many many enamel organs, not just the number that corresponds to the number of teeth

35
Q

what types of cells are in the epithelial islands of a ameloblastoma?

A

peripheral palisading of tall columnar basal cells and star shaped stellate reticulum-like cells in the centre of the island

36
Q

osteoblasts are derived from what

A

osteoprogenitor cells

37
Q

what are osteocytes

A

inactive osteoblasts that have become trapped within the bone they have formed

38
Q

features of osteoclasts

  • derived from ___
  • break down bone matrix through ________
  • single or many nuclei?
  • space between osteoclast and bone is known as ____
A
  • derived from monocytes aka macrophages
  • break down bone matrix through phagocytosis
  • multinucleated cells
  • space between osteoclast and bone is known as Howship’s lacuna
39
Q

what is the composition of bone matrix

A

osteoid and calcium hydroxyapatite

osteoid = unmineralized matrix composed of type 1 collagen and GAGs
calcium HAP = calcium salt crystal that gives bone its strength and rigidity

40
Q

what are the 2 types of bone

A

1) compact/ cortical bone
2) trabecular bone aka cancellous/spongy bone

41
Q

what is the function of compact bone
what attaches to it

A
  • mainly mechanical function
  • is the area of bone to which ligaments and tendons attach
  • is thick and dense
42
Q

what is the function of trabecular bone and where is it located?

A

mainly metabolic function
located between layers of compact bone
is thin and porous
also located within trabeculae is the bone marrow

43
Q

where is compact bone usually seen

A

mostly in flat bones or outermost layer of long bones

44
Q

compact bone is composed of ___, which are arranged _____ around _____. these areas are called _____

A

compact bone is composed of lamellae, which are arranged concentrically around Haversian canals. these areas are called osteons

45
Q

what type of bone is lamina dura

A

compact
(only that part is compact, the rest of the alveolar bone is cancellous)

46
Q

cancellous bone is composed of _____ of bone that form an ________ within the bone. the spaces between trabeculae is filled by either _____ or ______.

are haversian system present in the trabeculae?

A

cancellous bone is composed of trabeculae of bone that form an interconnected meshwork within the bone. the spaces between trabeculae is filled by either red bone marrow or yellow bone marrow.

no, not present

47
Q

what is woven bone

A

early bone matrix (osteoid) with many osteocytes and a disorganized matrix structure

48
Q

woven bone is eventually replaced by _________

A

lamellar bone

49
Q

in histo, what colour is woven bone?

A

lighter pink than the mature bone

50
Q

osteoclasts lie within concavities known as ____ or ____

A

howship’s lacunae or resorption bays

omopor (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions