L3: joints

Question 1

What is a joint

Answer 1

Where two bones meet and movement may occur

Question 2

In what two ways can joints be categorised

Answer 2

How much movement they allow, by structure and type of tissue that holds joint together

Question 3

What 3 types of tissue can joints be held together by

Answer 3

Cartilage, fibre, lubricating fluid

Question 4

How much movement do two joints held by cartilage have

Answer 4

Some movement

Question 5

How much movement do two joints held by fibrous connected tissues or cartilage have

Answer 5

No movement, these are fixed joints

Question 6

How much movement do joints held by lubricating fluid have and what are these joints called?

Answer 6

Freely moving, synovial joints

Question 7

What are the names of the four types of joints called

Answer 7

Fixed, fibrous, hinge, ball and socket joints

Question 8

How much movement is in a fixed joint

Answer 8

No movement between the bones that meet

Question 9

Name two examples of a fixed joint

Answer 9

Adult skull, pelvis

Question 10

How much movement does a fibrous joint have

Answer 10

Limited

Question 11

What is a fibrous joint seperated by

Answer 11

Cartilage or fibrous connective tissues

Question 12

Name an example of a fibrous joint

Answer 12

Veertebrae

Question 13

How much movement does a ball and socket joint have

Answer 13

Can move in all directions

Question 14

How much movement does a hinge joint have

Answer 14

Can only move in one direction

Question 15

Name two examples of a ball and socket joint

Answer 15

Shoulders, hips

Question 16

Name two examples of a hinge joint

Answer 16

Elbow, knee

Question 17

In synovial joints, what covers the bone and what is in-between the bones

Answer 17

End of bones covered with cartilage, synovial fluid in-between

Question 18

What does the cartilage and synovial fluid in synovial joint protect the bones from

Answer 18

Damage caused by friction (rubbing against eachother)

Question 19

What are ligaments

Answer 19

Elastic fibres that connect bone to bone

Question 20

What are tendons

Answer 20

Non elastic fibres that connect muscle to bone

Question 21

Why are ligaments elastic

Answer 21

So they can stretch to allow the bones to move (limited movement)

Question 22

What happens to a muscle as it contracts

Answer 22

It gets smaller

Question 23

What happens to the bone as the muscle contracts

Answer 23

It pulls the bone as they are attached by a tendon

Question 24

What are antagonistic muscles

Answer 24

Pairs of muscles that work together to move bones, one contracts, other relaxes

Question 25

Name two examples of antagonistic muscles

Answer 25

Quads and hamstrings, bicep and tricep

Question 26

What is the strongest arm muscles out of the forearms, biceps and triceps

Answer 26

Biceps