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Translation > L3-Equivalence And Translation > Flashcards

L3-Equivalence And Translation Flashcards

1
Q

Who are the theorists/scholars rejecting the notion of equivalence in translation?

A

•Raymond Van den Broek (1978)
•Kitty M. van Leuven-Zwart (1990)
•Mohamed Mehrach (1997)

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2
Q

What is the title of the essay of Raymond Van den Broek (1978)?

A

The Concept of Equivalence in Translation

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3
Q

Who said this passage, “we must by all means reject the idea that
the equivalence relation applies to translation.”?

A

Raymond Van den Broek (1978)

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4
Q

He argues that synonymy does not exist even with words
of the same language.

A

Raymond Van den Broek (1978)

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5
Q

He also rejects terms like similarity, analogy, adequacy, invariance and congruence, and their implications in translation.

A

Raymond Van den Broek

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6
Q

He redefines the “equivalence” by the concept of “true understanding”.

A

Raymond Van den Broek (1978)

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7
Q

Equivalence does not only distort the basic problem of translation, but also obstructs the development of a descriptive theory of translation.

A

Kitty M. van Leuven-Zwart (1990)

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8
Q

What are the conditions that the proponents of equivalence relegates of?

A

the situation of
the utterance,’ ’the intention of the speaker’ and ’the effect on the hearer.’

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9
Q

This Moroccan scholar stated that equivalence is “an impossible aim in translation”.

A

Mohamed Mehrach (1997)

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10
Q

He claims that no two
languages share the same linguistic structures and social or cultural aspects

A

Mohamed Mehrach

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11
Q

What is the term proposed by Mohamed Mehrach as a reference to appropriate translation?

A

Adequacy

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12
Q

“a translation that has achieved
the required optimal level of interlanguage communication under certain given conditions.”

A

Mohamed Mehrach pertaining to Adequacy in translation

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13
Q

It is difficult to determine the equivalence since no one could objectively define the point at which the TT becomes equal to the ST. True or false.

A

True

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14
Q

Equivalence should be considered as a form of approximation in which the TT approximates the ST. True or false

A

True

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15
Q

It can also be rated on a scale that ranges from optimum to zero degree. Who said this.

A

Bayar 2007

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16
Q

It refers to the primary objective of a text.

A

Superordinate goal

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17
Q

It encompasses the main purpose, message, or intention that the author seeks to convey through the text.

A

Superordinate goal

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18
Q

Understanding the superordinate goal is thus crucial for translators as they work to maintain the essence and intended meaning of the source text in the translation. True or false.

A

True

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19
Q

The SO represents the fundamental objective behind the creation of a text

A

Primary Objective

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20
Q

It is the central message or
purpose that the author aims to communicate to the audience.

A

Primary Objective

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21
Q

The term “superordinate” implies that it holds a more comprehensive meaning compared to other goals
within the text. This guides the content and structure of the entire text.

A

Comprehensive meaning

22
Q

In translation, preserving the SO is crucial for achieving equivalence between the ST and the TT. The translator must ensure that the primary message or intent is accurately conveyed.

A

Maintaining Equivalence

23
Q

Understanding the SO requires consideration of the context of the text. This includes the cultural, social, and
situational factors that influence the author’s communication objectives.

A

Consideration of Context

24
Q

The translated version should convey the primary message in a manner that aligns with the overall flow and
structure of the original

A

Coherence and Cohesiveness

25
Q

SEVEN DEGREES OF EQUIVALENCE ACCORDING TO MONIA BAYAR

A

1.Optimum Translation
2. Near-optimum Translation
3. Partial Translation
4. Weaker version
5.Stronger versions
6. Poor translation
7. Mistranslation

26
Q

It refers to the highest level of approximation to the ST.

A

Optimum translation

27
Q

It is defined as the closest equivalence degree attainable, given the circumstances, the linguistic and extralinguistic resources available
to the translator.

A

Optimum translation

28
Q

What are the five requirements to reach the optimal degree when it preserves superordinate goal in TT?

A

•genre
•field
•mode
•tenor
•type

29
Q

It refers to the type of discourse, characterized by specific linguistic features

A

Genre

30
Q

It pertains to the subject matter of the discourse.

A

Field

31
Q

It relates to the channel of communication and the level of formality.

A

Mode

32
Q

It can be spoken or written,
formal or informal, depending on the context.

A

Mode

33
Q

It involves the participants in the communication, their roles, and social relationships.

A

Tenor

34
Q

It refers to text types or discourse structures, such as narrative, descriptive, argumentative, etc.

A

Type

35
Q

In the optimum translation, the goal is to capture the meaning of the original statement while presenting it in a natural and idiomatic way in English. True or false.

A

True

36
Q

It refers to the case where the ST superordinate goal and sub-goals are cohesively and coherently rendered to the TT, but do not reach the readability of the optimal degree from a textual point of view.

A

Near-optimum translation

37
Q

In this type, it should be noted that readability and correctness of the TT do not mean its preservation of the ST, for the TT might be read smoothly, without conveying the ST goal.

A

Partial Translation

38
Q

It reproduces the ST goals in “attenuated terms” if compared to the original

A

Weaker versions

39
Q

It is the usage of stronger terms in their rendition of ST goals.

A

Stronger versions

40
Q

It may convey the basic meaning but may lack the richness, emphasis, or nuance of the text.

A

Weaker versions

41
Q

It does not only convey the meaning but also enhance the expression,
reflecting the stylistic and emotional qualities of the source language

A

Stronger versions

42
Q

In this translation, readability is the core problem. Though the TT may or may not preserve the superordinate goal of the ST, it is read with great difficulty by the receptor.

A

Poor translation

43
Q

It occurs when the translator fails to transfer the ST goals into a readable TT and in an obvious way that helps the reader grasp them easily.

A

Poor translation

44
Q

It may involve grammatical errors, awkward phrasing, or inappropriate word choices that deviate from the original meaning.

A

Poor translation

45
Q

In this case, the TT neither sounds readable nor preserves the superordinate goal of the ST. Mistranslation leads to inaccuracies in conveying the intended message.

A

Mistranslation

46
Q

To avoid poor translations and mistranslations, it is crucial to consider linguistic nuances, cultural context, and the specific meanings of words and expressions in both the source and target languages. True or false.

A

True

47
Q

It occurs when there is no one-to-one equivalent between the ST and the TT. This happens when the translator deals with texts which contain culturally-bound words or expressions.

A

Zero equivalence

48
Q

It occurs at the text level, except in some literary forms as poetry and fairytales. The translator in this case may resort to translation recreation.

A

Zero equivalence

49
Q

It refers to the effect of sunlight streaming through the leaves of trees. It captures the interplay of light and leaves, creating a beautiful pattern on the
ground.

A

Komorebi

50
Q

Optimum equivalence is considered as the highest level or the most
approximate degree from the ST, zero equivalence is the lowest degree or the most distant degree from the ST goal. True or false.

A

True

51
Q

It is a unique term or concept doesn’t have a direct counterpart in another language.

A

Zero equivalence

Translation (4 decks)

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