✔ L.3 Ecosystems Flashcards

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1
Q

non-living; often used to refer to the nonliving components of an ecosystem (such as climate and temperature)

A

abiotic

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2
Q

feed on other organisms (plant or animal) because they cannot make their own food, a heterotroph

A

Consumer

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3
Q

a community of different but interdependent species and their non-living environment.

A

Ecosystem

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4
Q

a hierarchy of food relationships from the simplest to most complex

A

Food Chain

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5
Q

animals

A

Fauna

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6
Q

plants

A

Flora

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7
Q

the immediate space where an animal or plant lives and has food, water and protection

A

Habitat

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8
Q

a living thing that produces its own food within itself, usually by using sunlight energy in photosynthesis; an autotroph

A

Producer

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9
Q

all the living factors (disease, parasitism, predation) that impact an organism

A

biotic factors

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10
Q

a division based on climate, plants and animals; an environment that has a characteristic type of climax community ex. Freshwater biome—all of the lake, pond, stream, & river communities on Earth

A

Biome

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11
Q

is the maximum number of organisms the resources of an ecosystem can support

A

Carrying Capacity

Note: The carrying capacity of the environment is limited by the available abiotic and biotic resources (limiting factors), as well as the ability of ecosystems to recycle the residue of dead organisms through the activities of bacteria and fungi.

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12
Q

a stable community that is in final stage of succession

A

Climax community

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13
Q

a form of symbiosis in which one organism benefits and the other is not harmed

A

Commensalism

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14
Q

the living part of an ecosystem composed of many species

A

Community

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15
Q

the type of interaction among organisms; the struggle to obtain needed resources like food, water, shelter

A

Competition

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16
Q

an organism that breaks down the bodies of dead organisms into simpler substances

A

decomposer

17
Q

the movement of living things from one place to another

A

Dispersal

18
Q

in danger of becoming extinct

A

Endangered

19
Q

all the living and nonliving things with which an organism may interact

A

Environment

20
Q

an organism that can make its own food by synthesizing organic nutrients from inorganic materials, using energy from sunlight or a chemical source to drive the process

A

autotroph

21
Q

exist at the same time or in the same place.

A

coexist

22
Q

the preservation of a physical quantity during transformations or reactions

A

conservation

23
Q

the state or process of rotting; decay

A

decomposition

24
Q

a group of food chains within an ecosystem

A

food web

25
Q

an organism that eats other plants or animals for energy and nutrients

A

heterotroph (“different nutrition”)

26
Q

an organism that is infected with or is fed upon by a parasitic or pathogenic organism

A

host

27
Q

symbiosis that is beneficial to both organisms involved

A

mutualism

28
Q

the role an organism plays in a community

A

niche

29
Q

an organism that lives on or in a host organism and gets its food from or at the expense of its host

A

parasite

30
Q

relationship between two species where one benefits at the expense of the other, sometimes without killing the host organism

A

parasitism

31
Q

the process by which plants use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to create oxygen and energy in the form of sugar

A

photosynthesis

32
Q

change in the environment caused by natural or artificial input of harmful contaminants into the environment

A

pollution

33
Q

the total number of individuals of a given biological species found in one place at one time

A

population

34
Q

an organism that primarily obtains food by the killing and consuming of other organisms

A

predators

35
Q

organisms that predators kill for food

A

prey

36
Q

a group of organisms that can reproduce naturally with one another and create fertile offspring

A

species

37
Q

the position that an organism occupies in a food chain - what it eats, and what eats it

A

trophic level